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Undeleted > Chapter 8: Appendicular Skeleton > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

What bones make up the appendicular skeleton.

A

Pectoral girdle
Upper Limbs
Pelvic Girdle
Lower Limbs

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2
Q

List the function of the pectoral girdle and the 2 bones involved.

A

Function: attach the upper limb to the trunk

  • Clavicle
  • Scapula
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3
Q

List and identify the prominent features of the clavicle.

Diagram - Pg. 223

A

S-shaped
Extends from manubrium of sternum to the acromion of the scapula

Acromial end
Sternal end
Conoid tubercle

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4
Q

List and identify the prominent features of the scapula (I picked 5) including the 3 angles, 3 borders, and 3 fossas.

(Diagram - Pg. 224)

A 
Spine
Acromion
Coracoid process
Suprascapular notch
Glenoid cavity

3 angles:

  • superior angle
  • inferior angle
  • lateral angle

3 border:

  • superior border
  • medial border
  • lateral border

3 fossas:

  • subscapular fossa
  • infraspinous fossa
  • supraspinous fossa
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5
Q

List the function of the pelvic girdle and the bones involved.

A

Function: attach the lower limb to the trunk

  • (Left and Right) Os coxae
    • Ilium
    • Ishium
    • Pubis
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6
Q

Name the joint where the clavicle and scapula articulate.

A

Acromioclavicular joint

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7
Q

Name the joint where os coxae and sacrum articulate.

A

Sacroiliac joint

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8
Q

List the bones of the upper limb.

A 
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Carpals (8)
Metacarpals (I-V)
Phalanges
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9
Q

List the 8 carpal bones.

A 
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
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10
Q

List the bones of the lower limb.

A 
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
Tarsals (7)
Metatarsals (I-V)
Phalanges
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11
Q

List the 7 tarsal bones.

A 
Calcaneous
Talus
Navicular
Cuboid
Cuniforms (3)
 - Medial cuniform
 - Intermediate cuniform
 - Lateral cuniform
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12
Q

Name the 3 arches of the foot and their orientations.

A
  1. Medial longitudinal arch
    - extends heal to big toe
    - highest arch
  2. Lateral longitudinal arch
    - from heel to 5th toe
  3. Transverse Arch
    - perpendicular to longitudinal arch
    - runs along distal row of tarsals
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13
Q

List the major landmarks of the Humerus.
(I picked 13)

(Diagram - Pg. 227)

A 
Head
Anatomical neck
Surgical neck
Greater tubercle
Lesser tubercle
Deltoid tuberosity
Shaft
Medial epicondyle
Lateral epicondyle
Trochlea
Capitulum
Coronoid fossa
Olecranon fossa
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14
Q

List the major landmarks of the Radius.
(I picked 6)

(Diagram - Pg. 228-229)

A 
Head
Neck
Radial tuberosity
Shaft
Styloid process
Ulnar notch (on the radius)
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15
Q

List the major landmarks of the Ulna.
(I picked 6)

(Diagram - Pg. 228-229)

A 
Olecranon
Coronoid process
Trochlear notch
Radial Notch (on the ulna)
Shaft
Styloid process
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16
Q

List the major landmarks of the Femur.
(I picked 16)

(Diagram - Pg. 238-239)

A 
Head
Fovea
Neck
Greater trochanter
Lesser trochanter
Shaft
Lateral epicondyle
Medical epicondyle
Lateral condyle
Medial condyle
Adductor tubercle
Patellar surface
Intercondylar fossa
Popliteal surface
Linea aspera
Intertrochanteric crest
17
Q

List the major landmarks of the Tibia.
(I picked 8)

(Diagram - Pg. 242-243)

A 
Lateral condyle
Medial condyle
Intercondylar eminence
Tibial tuberosity
Fibular articular facet
Shaft
Fibular notch
Medial Malleolus
18
Q

List the major landmarks of the Fibula.
(I picked 4)

(Diagram - Pg. 242-243)

A

Head
Neck
Shaft
Lateral Malleolus

19
Q

Identify the structures of the hand.
(I picked 3 with subcategories totaling 16)

(Diagram - Pg. 231)

A 
Carpals (8)
 - Scaphoid
 - Lunate
 - Triquetrium
 - Pisiform
 - Trapezium
 - Trapezoid
 - Capitate
 - Hamate
Metacarpals I-V
 - 1 is the thumb
 - V is the pinky
Phalanges
 - proximal phalanx
 - middle phalanx
 - distal phalanx
20
Q

Identify the structures of the foot.
(I picked 3 with subcategories totaling 15)

(Diagram - Pg. 244)

A 
Tarsals
 - Calcaneus
 - Talus
 - Navicular
 - Cuboid
 - Lateral cuniform
 - Intermediate cuniform
 - Medial cuniform
Metatarsals
 - Big toe is I
 - Pinky toe is V
Phalanges
 - Proximal phalanx
 - Middle phalanx
 - Distal phalanx
21
Q

List the gender differences in the structure of the pelvis.

I picked 7

A
  • Female pelvis is wider; Male pelvis is narrow
  • Female subpubic angle is broader; Males more V shaped
  • Female pelvic inlet is spacious, wide, oval; Male heart shaped
  • Female acetabulum is smaller; Male larger
  • Males the greater sciatic notch is narrow, u-shaped
  • Female coccyx posterior tilt; Males it’s vertical
  • Female ilium is shallow - does not project above sacroiliac joint; males do
22
Q

What is different in the structure of the phalanges for the thumb and big toe?

A

They do not have a middle phalanx; only a proximal and a distal.

23
Q

What is another name for the thumb?

A

Pollex

24
Q

What is another name for the big toe?

A

Hallux

25
Q

List the major landmarks of the os coxae.
( I picked 13)

(Diagram - Pg. 234-235)

A 
Iliac crest
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS)
Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS)
Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine (PIIS)
Greater Sciatic Notch
Acetabulum
Superior and Inferior pubic ramus
Ischial tuberosity
Obturator foramen
Pubic tubercle
Auricular surface
Symphysial surface
26
Q

List the features of the patella. (3)

A

Base
Apex
Articular surface

27
Q

The adult pelvis is composed of how many bones?

A

4

  • 2 os coxae
  • 1 sacrum
  • 1 coccyx

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