Appendicular Muscles - Lower Extremity Flashcards
Name Origin, Insertion, and Action
Iliopsoas
O: Iliac Fossa, anterior and lateral surfaces of T12 - L5 I: Lesser Trochanter (Femur) A: Hip Flexion
Sartorious
O: Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS) I: Proximal medial aspect of Tibia (pes anserine) A: Combo: Hip Flexion, Abduction, External Rotation, Knee Flexion
Rectus Femoris
O: Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS) I: Tibial Tuberosity A: Hip Flexion, Knee Extension
Pectineus
O: Superior Ramus of Pubis I: Pectineal Line (Femur) A: Hip Flexion & Adduction
Adductor Longus
O: Pubis I: Middle 1/3 of Linea Aspera (Femur) A: Hip Adduction
Adductor Brevis
O: Pubis I: Pectineal line and proximal Linea Apsera (Femur) A: Hip Adduction
Adductor Magnus
O: Ischium and Pubis I: Entire Linea Aspera and Adductor Tubercle (Femur) A: Hip Adduction
Gracilis
O: Pubis I: Anterior middle surface of proximal Tibia (Pes Anserine) A: Hip Adduction
Gluteus Maximus
O: Posterior Sacrum and Ilium I: Posterior Femur distal to Greater Trochanter and Iliotibial band (IT Band) A: Hip Extension, Hyperextension, External Rotation
Deep Rotators - Anterior - Obturator Externus - Posterior - Obturaror Internus - Quadrates Femoris - Piriformis - Gemellus Superior - Gemellus Inferior
O: Posterior sacrum, Ishium, & Pubis I: Greater Trochanter (Femur) A: Hip External Rotation
Semimembranosus
O: Ischial Tuberosity I: Posterior surface of medial Condyle of Tibia A: Extend Hip and Flex Knee
Semitendinosus
O: Ischial Tuberosity I: Anteromedial surface of proximal Tibia (Pes Anserine) A: Extend Hip and Flex Knee
Biceps Femoris
Long Head O: Ischial Tuberosity Short Head O: Linea Aspera I: Fibular Head Long Head A: Extend Hip, Flex Knee Short Head A: Flex Knee
Gluteus Medius
O: Outer surface of Ilium I: Greater Trochanter (lateral surface) A: Hip Abduction
Gluteus Minimus
O: Lateral Ilium I: Greater Trochanter (anterior surface) A: Hip Abduction, Internal Rotation
Tensor Fascia Latae
O: Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS) I: Lateral Condyle (Tibia) A: Combo: Hip Flexion and Abduction
Vastus Lateralis AND Vastus Medialis
O: Linea Aspera I: Tibial Tuberosity via patella tendon A: Knee Extension
Vastus Intermedius
O: Anterior Femur I: Tibial Tuberosity via patella tendon A: Knee Extension
Popliteus
O: Lateral Condyle (Femur) I: Posterior surface of medial condyle (Tibia) A: Initiates Knee Flexion (“unlocks” knee)
Gastrocnemius
O: Medial and Lateral Condyles (Femur) I: Posterior Calcaneus A: Knee Flexion, Ankle Plantar Flexion
Soleus
O: Posterior Tibia and Fibula I: Posterior Calcaneus A: Plantar Flexion
Plantaris
O: Posterior Lateral Condyle (Femur) I: Posterior Calcaneus A: Weak assist in Knee Flexion and Plantar Flexion
Tibialis Posterior
O: Interosseous membrane, adjacent Tibia and Fibula I: Navicular and most tarsals and metatarsals II-IV A: Inversion, assist Plantar Flexion
Flexor Hallucis Longus
O: Posterior Fibula and Interosseous membrane I: Distal Phalanx of Great Toe A: Flexes great toe, assist Inversion and Plantar Flexion
Peroneus Tertius
O: Distal Medial Fibula I: Base of 5th Metatarsal A: assist Eversion and Dorsiflexion
Peroneus Brevis
O: Distal Lateral Fibula I: Base of 5th Metatarsal A: Eversion, assist Plantar Flexion
Peroneus Longus
O: Lateral Proximal Fibula and interosseous membrane I: Plantar surface of 1st Cuneiform and 1st Metatarsal A: Eversion, assist Plantar Flexion
Extensor Digitorum Longus
O: Tibia, Fibula, Interosseous membrane I: Distal phalanx of 4 lesser toes A: Extends 4 lesser toes, assist Dorsiflexion
Extensor Hallucis Longus
O: Fibula and interosseous membrane I: Distal phalanx of great toe A: Extends great toe, assist Inversion and Dorsiflexion
Tibialis Anterior
O: Lateral Tibia, Interosseous membrane I: 1st Cuneiform and 1st Metatarsal A: Inversion and Dorsiflexion
Flexor Digitorum Longus
O: Posterior Tibia I: Distal phalanx of four lesser toes A: Flexion of four lesser toes; assist inversion and plantar flexion
