Chapter 23 - Toxicology of Plants Flashcards
In Rhus radicans (poison ivy), the contact allergen is…
A. Urushiol
B. Capsaicin
C. Usnic acid
D. Ergot
A. Urushiol
Euphorbia marginata (snow-on-the-mountain) causes contact dermatitis by excreting…
A. Phenols
B. Benzaldehyde
C. Fatty acids
D. Latex
D. Latex
The most common event that usually occurs from ingestion of a toxic plant is…
A. Asthma
B. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
C. Skin rash
D. Mental confusion
B. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Saint Anthony’s fire is due to the ingestion of…
A. Mushrooms
B. Ricin
C. Ergot alkaloids
D. Wisteria
C. Ergot alkaloids
A toxin that increases the cough reflex is…
A. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids
B. Brucine
C. Caulophylline
D. Capsaicin
D. Capsaicin
A toxin produced by the poppy plant that intercalates DNA is…
A. Ptaquiloside
B. Sanguinarine
C. Silymarin
D. Ochratoxin A
B. Sanguinarine
The false morel mushroom Gyromitra esculenta has been asso w/ …
A. Leukemia
B. Gangrene
C. Hepatitis
D. Increased cardiac contractions
C. Hepatitis
The mechanism of action of ricin is…
A. Inhibition of protein synthesis
B. Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation
C. Increasing intracellular calcium
D. Activation of protooncogenes
A. Inhibition of protein synthesis
Mad honey poisoning is due to…
A. Grayanotoxin
B. Convallatoxin
C. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids
D. 4-ipomeanol
A. Grayanotoxin
Cascara sagrada has medicinal use as…
A. An antidepressant
B. A laxative
C. A phytoestrogen
D. An antidiarrheal
B. A laxative
The alkaloids in Symphytum cause a human condition that resembles…
A. Pott’s disease
B. TSS
C. Addison’s disease
D. Budd-Chiari syndrome
D. Budd-Chiari syndrome
In cattle, ingestion of Lantana camara (Verbenacea) causes…
A. Cholestasis
B. Abortions
C. Abnormal behavior
D. Renal failure
A. Cholestasis
Veratrum alkaloids cause…
A. Hepatitis
B. Bradycardia
C. Bladder tumors
D. Lung fibrosis
B. Bradycardia
Squill and lily of the valley contain…
A. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids
B. Teratogens
C. Cardiac glycosides
D. Inner ear toxins
C. Cardiac glycosides
American mistletoe contains…
A. Jervine
B. Phoratoxin
C. Abrin-a
D. Aconitine
B. Phoratoxin
Datura species of houseplant contains…
A. Strychnine
B. Muscarinic agents
C. Anticholinergic agents
D. Sympathomimetic agents
C. Anticholinergic agents
A toxic ingredient in locoweed is…
A. Atropine
B. Domoic acid
C. Ibotenic acid
D. Swainsonine
D. Swainsonine
All of the following are excitatory amino acids except…
A. Jervine
B. Domoic acid
C. Ibotenic acid
D. Willardine
A. Jervine
Seizures have been asso w/ all of the following except…
A. Parsley family of plants
B. Spurge family of plants
C. Mint family of plants
D. Species of Strychnos
B. Spurge family of plants
Dicumarol is a fungal metabolite that causes…
A. Arrhythmias
B. Seizures
C. Hallucinations
D. Bleeding
D. Bleeding
Lysergic acid derivatives are produced by…
A. Amantia mushrooms
B. Gyromitra mushrooms
C. Fusarium fungus
D. Acremonium fungus
D. Acremonium fungus
Ochratoxin is a/an…
A. Positive ionotropic agent
B. immunosuppressant
C. Lung toxin
D. Cholinergic agent
B. immunosuppressant
Linamarin is a/an…
A. Pyrrolizidine alkaloid
B. Cardioactive glycoside
C. Cyanogenic glucoside
D. Fungal metabolite
C. Cyanogenic glucoside
Motor neuron demyelination results from ingestion of…
A. Cassava
B. Strychnos genus
C. Linamarin
D. Anthracenones
D. Anthracenones
All of the following contain anticholinergic alkaloids except…
A. Henbane
B. Oleander
C. Deadly nightshade
D. Jimsonweed
B. Oleander
Aconitine causes toxicity by….
A. Stimulating GABA receptors
B. Opening Ca channels
C. Prolonging sodium current in cardiac muscle
D. Inhibiting glycine receptors
C. Prolonging sodium current in cardiac muscle
Taxol is present in…
A. Autumn crocus
B. Western yew
C. Glory lily
D. May apple
B. Western yew
A toxin present in potatoes and tomatoes is…
A. Cholchicine
B. Vinblastine
C. Solanine
D. Podophyllotoxin
C. Solanine
Abrin mechanistically most resembles…
A. Ricin
B. Linamarin
C. Caulophylline
D. Scopolamine
A. Ricin
Methyllycaconitine mechanistically most resembles…
A. Physostigmine
B. Digitalis
C. Atropine
D. Curare
D. Curare