Chapter 13 - Dermal Toxicology Flashcards
Which of the following statements are true?
A. The rate of penetration of chemicals across the stratum corneum will always be a first order process
B. skin uptake of airborne chemicals is common for hydrophilic agents
C. Psoriasis is a disease of slow skin turnover
D. None of the above
D. None of the above
Which of the following can compromise the stratum corneum barrier and lead to increased penetration of chemicals?
A. Tape stripping
B. psoriasis
C. Acetone exposure
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Which of the following skin areas has the highest permeability
A. Eyelids
B. palms
C. Soles of feet
D. Forehead
A. Eyelids
All of the following are true regarding absorption through the epidermal appendages except?
A. Chemicals can bypass the stratum corneum by this route
B. It is more relevant for chronic rather than acute situations
C. It is usually neglected for most chemicals because of the smaller relative surface compared to the stratum corneum
D. In some cases like benzopyrene, absorption through appendages can be primary
B. It is more relevant for chronic rather than acute situations
Which of the following agents has the highest skin penetration under normal conditions?
A. Hydrophilic chemicals of high MW
B. Hydrophobic chemicals of high MW
C. Hydrophilic chemicals of low MW
D. Hydrophobic chemicals of low MW
D. Hydrophobic chemicals of low MW
Which of the following statements is true regarding systemic exposure through the skin while swimming in chemically-contaminated water?
A. Exposure can occur for some chemicals
B. significant exposure can only occur by swallowing the water
C. Significant exposure can only occur through the nasal mucosa
D. There are no reported cases of significant exposure by this route
A. Exposure can occur for some chemicals
80% of eczema dermatitis occurs on the?
A. Face
B. Scalp
C. Hand
D. Chest
C. Hand
Common features of both irritant and allergic contact dermatitis include all of the following except?
A. Inflammatory components
B. Distinguishing biopsy characteristics
C. Vesiculation
D. Erythema
B. Distinguishing biopsy characteristics
All of the following are advantages of transdermal drug delivery except…
A. A steady infusion rate over long time intervals
B. Variation of infusion rate with body temperature
C. Avoiding first-pass effects
D. Preventing exposure to stomach acid
B. Variation of infusion rate with body temperature
All of the following are true of irritant-contact dermatitis except…
A. The reaction can theoretically occur in anyone if the exposure is long enough or the concentration high enough
B. it can sometimes resemble a 2nd degree burn
C. It requires the participation of regional lymph nodes
D. Sensitivity to irritants can have large variations between individuals
C. It requires the participation of regional lymph nodes
Granulomatous disease of the skin has been shown to occur during exposure to…
A. Tattoo dyes
B. Beryllium
C. Zirconium compounds
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
All of the following are phototoxic drugs/chemicals except…
A. Ampicillin
B. Tetracycline
C. Anthracene
D. 8-methoxypsoralen
A. Ampicillin
All of the following are true of UVB radiation except…
A. It induces more erythema in humans compared to UVA
B. It has been implicated in melanoma development
C. Its intensity at the earth’s surface is 10x that of UVA
D. It is responsible for most of the tanning process
C. Its intensity at the earth’s surface is 10x that of UVA
The occupation with the lowest incidence of contact urticaria is…
A. Food handler
B. Office worker
C. Latex glove users
D. Plant and wood handlers
B. Office worker
The area of the body with the thickest skin is?
A. Forehead
B. fingertip
C. Back
D. Abdomen
B. fingertip
