Chapter 18 - Endocrine Toxicology Flashcards
The major inhibitory factor for prolactin release is…
A. Dopamine
B. TRH
C. FSH
D. GH
A. Dopamine
Secretory granules are unique to endocrine cells the produce…
A. Corticosteroids
B. Sex hormones
C. Peptide hormones
D. Aldosterone
C. Peptide hormones
Vasopressin is synthesized primarily in…
A. Acidophils of the adenohypophysis
B. Basophils of the adenohypophysis
C. Chromophobes of the adenohypophysis
D. Supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus
D. Supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus
Lisuride and bromocriptine act as…
A. Seratonin agonists
B. Dopamine agonists
C. Cholinergic agonists
D. Dopamine antagonists
B. Dopamine agonists
The zona glomerulosa of the adreanal gland primarily produces…
A. Sex hormones
B. Aldosterone
C. Glucocorticoids
D. Catecholamines
B. Aldosterone
All of the following are true of the fetal adrenal cortex in primates except…
A. It produces dehydroepiandrosterone which is converted to estrogen by the placenta
B. Its tissue could be interpreted as a pathologic lesion in a histologic specimen from a neonatal primate
C. It produces parathyroid hormones
D. Following birth, it undergoes a rapid regression with replacement by cells of the postnatal adrenal cortex
C. It produces parathyroid hormones
All of the following are known to induce phospholipidosis except…
A. Phenobarbital
B. Chloroquine
C. Triparanol
D. Chlorphentermine
A. Phenobarbital
Cortexolone acts by…
A. Inhibiting the synthesis of adrenocorticoids
B. Blocking the release of adrenocorticoids
C. Inhibiting the synthesis of mineralcorticoids
D. Blocking the action of adrenocorticoids at peripheral sites
D. Blocking the action of adrenocorticoids at peripheral sites
An assessment of the function of the adrenal cortex is provided by all of the following except…
A. 24-hr urine for cortisol
B. 24-hr urine for metanephrine
C. Morning serum cortisol
D. Cortisol response to exogenous ACTH
B. 24-hr urine for metanephrine
The protein responsible for the transport of iodide into the thyroid follicular lumen is…
A. Activin
B. Pendrin
C. Transportin
D. Connexin
B. Pendrin
Thyroxine is bound to thyroxine-binding globulin in all of the following species except…
A. Monkeys
B. Rats
C. Humans
D. Dogs
B. Rats
The cellular mechanism and duration of action of thyroid hormones is similar to…
A. Prostaglandins
B. Cytokines
C. Steroid hormones
D. Leukotrienes
C. Steroid hormones
Sensitive species for the development of goiters after sulfonamide exposure include all of the following except…
A. Rat
B. Mouse
C. Dog
D. Guinea pig
D. Guinea pig
The most common endocrine neoplasm in humans is…
A. Pituitary carcinoma
B. Adrenal carcinoma
C. Parathyroid carcinoma
D. Thyroid carcinoma
D. Thyroid carcinoma
Increased incidence of thyroid C cell tumors in rats was reported with…
A. A glucagon-like peptide receptor agonist
B. An ACTH antagonist
C. A dopamine agonist
D. An estrogen antagonist
A. A glucagon-like peptide receptor agonist
Mutations in the ret proto-oncogene are involved in the hereditary form of …
A. Parathyroid carcinoma
B. adrenal cortex carcinoma
C. Medullar thyroid carcinoma
D. Islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas
C. Medullar thyroid carcinoma
Five percent of extracellular calcium is complexed to all of the following except…
A. Chloride ion
B. Citrate ion
C. Phosphate ion
D. Biocarbonate ion
A. Chloride ion
A drug causes and increased incidence of ovarian tumor in mice in a 2-year study is…
A. Imipenem
B. Doxycycline
C. Clindamycin
D. Nitrofurantoin
D. Nitrofurantoin
All of the following would lead to increased ovarian tumorigenesis in mice except…
A. Exogenous estrogen administration
B. Cytotoxic drugs or radiation
C. Genetic absence of ovarian follicles
D. Autoimmune destruction of oocyte
A. Exogenous estrogen administration
Experimental diabetes mellitus in animals can be produced by destroying beta cells with…
A. Chloramphenicol
B. Streptozocin
C. Phenylbutazone
D. Phenyramidol
B. Streptozocin