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Alevel British Empire > Chapter 23 - Post-colonial Ties > Flashcards

Chapter 23 - Post-colonial Ties Flashcards

1
Q

Who did B still have strong ties with?

A

Former colonies

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2
Q

What stayed on in these new ‘nation states’?

A

Parliaments
Ministries
Wigged judges
B style legal systems
Some Expats stayed to advise

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3
Q

What took place every two years?

A

Commonwealth Conferences
Attended by PMs
All in London except 1

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4
Q

What did the Commonwealth help to do?

A

Reinforce B position
Strong diplomatic network
Helped B be on the UN security council

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5
Q

What was the Commonwealth not?

A

A military alliance
But B still recruited commonwealth citizens as they were still eligible to serve in B forces

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6
Q

Who remained a symbol of the Commonwealth?

A

The Queen
She had regular visits
Did Christmas speeches

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7
Q

What were members of the Commonwealth still eligible for?

A

B honours

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8
Q

What stayed as one of the world’s major financial centres?

A

London

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9
Q

What did B come out of the empire with?

A

Multi-national countries
Overseas investment portfolio
Trading links

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10
Q

What did the B govt attempt to do?

A

Keep ex-colonies in the Sterling Area

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11
Q

What encouraged migration away from B to countries like Australia, Canada and New Zealand?

A

Continuation of rationing until 1954
Demand for labour elsewhere

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12
Q

Between 1946 + 1957 how many people left B for the dominions?

A

1 million

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13
Q

How much of the pop were in contact with relatives in the Dominions?

A

25%

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14
Q

How were men further down in society only likely to experience the Empire + Commonwealth?

A

Through National service
Could be in Suez, Kenya or Malaya

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15
Q

What slowed down migration away from B?

A

By late 1950’s:
Improved living standards
Full employment

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16
Q

What in 1960 closed off an outlet of travel to the ex-Empire?

A

Abolition of National service

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17
Q

Why had there been little direct exposure of the Empire to the B?

A

Only small numbers of colonial immigrants settling in B

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18
Q

What was passed as recognition of the Empire’s war-time contribution?

A

B Nationality Act 1948
Gave full citizenship + entry to all in ex-Empire + Commonwealth

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19
Q

As the B economy was recovering what was there a lot of?

A

Well-paid work for the unskilled in factories
B govt encouraged migration for this

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20
Q

What sectors took these unskilled workers?

A

Public transport
NHS

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21
Q

How many employees did London Transport take in 1956?

A

4000
Mostly from Barbados

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22
Q

What did people do with the money?

A

Some brought the rest of their family over
Some earned enough to return home

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23
Q

What was no action taken in?

A

Stopping immigration
Helping migrants settle

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24
Q

What was a significant event of migration?

A

The Windrush

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25
Q

Where did most migrants come from?

A

India
Pakistan
West Africa
Cyprus

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26
Q

Where did most of them stay?

A

London
Birmingham
In Oldham where they needed labour for textiles

27
Q

Why did prejudices and anxieties grow?

A

Post-war boom slackened
People were worried that B cultural + national identity would be diluted
Wanted to protect houses + jobs

28
Q

Where did many of the immigrants live?

A

The poorest houses in the least desirable parts of town

29
Q

Who increased white extremism?

A

Mosely
Union Movement
Spread leaflets + spread scare stories
Had 8.1% of the vote

30
Q

What gang was youths attacking black people in Nottingham + Notting Hill?

A

Teddy boys

31
Q

In a survey in 1962 what percentage of people said there were too many immigrants in B already?

A

80%

32
Q

How many people came in each year between 1962 + 1965?

A

50,000

33
Q

By 1967 what was B black pop?

A

Nearly 1 million

34
Q

What effort was made to encourage groups to mix socially?

A

Notting Hill Carnival
Bands, costumes, dancing, Caribbean food

35
Q

What did a survey show in North London in 1965?

A

Many refused to work or live near immigrants
9/10 dispproved of mixed marriages

36
Q

What TV series characterised extreme racists?

A

Till Death Do us Part

37
Q

What did Conservatives from the West Midlands encourage?

A

Pressure Groups like the Birmingham Immigration Control Association

38
Q

What acts of violence did mostly working class communities do?

A

Girls kicked going to school
Stone, eggs + tomatoes thrown
‘paki-bashing’

39
Q

What was created to control escalating immigration?

A

The 1962 Commonwealth Immigrants Act
Work permit scheme put in place
Irish exempt

40
Q

Who found it most difficult to gain these permits?

A

Unskilled black workers
12 months following only 34,500 arrived

41
Q

What did the Act encourage?

A

Immigrants to put down roots as they feared they couldn’t return

42
Q

What did the new labour govt do?

A

Reduced vouchers
Barred children from under 16 entering B

43
Q

What attempt was made to reduce tensions?

A

1965 Race Relations Act
It forbade discrimination excluding in housing + workplaces

44
Q

As race discrimination was not a criminal offense, where could people be tried?

A

Race Relations Board

45
Q

What did the Race Relations Board do?

A

Made statistics + reports
Held hearings

46
Q

Out of the 982 complaints how many were dismissed through lack of evidence?

A

734

47
Q

What was very positive about this immigration?

A

Made B into a more multi-cultural society

48
Q

What were becoming part of B culture?

A

Asian corner shops
Chinese take-aways
Black actors

49
Q

What TV dramas featured black actors?

A

Emergency Ward 10
Z Cars

50
Q

Why did English speaking West Indians find it easier to be accepted?

A

They were mostly Christian

51
Q

Why did Muslim Indian, and Pakistani people find it harder?

A

They were often very hard working
Didn’t consume alcohol - pub culture

52
Q

When was ‘Empire day’ abolished?

A

1962

53
Q

What was a sign of solidarity with B?

A

Australia + Fiji still had union jack in the corner of their flags

54
Q

What had been lasting effects of the empire?

A

Church more Christians in Africa than in B
Scouts
Poker
Snooker

55
Q

What sports were shared?

A

Football
Racket sports
Rugby
Cricket

56
Q

What brought the nations together every 4 years?

A

The Commonwealth Games

57
Q

What words had entered the English language?

A

Bungalow
Pyjamas
Zombie

58
Q

What honours still gave a British Empire medal?

A

Imperial royal hours
E.g. DBE, MBE, OBE

59
Q

What also kept reminding B of it’s imperial past?

A

The Proms
Sang songs like ‘Rule, Britannia!’

60
Q

What did the children’s comic Eagle specify to do?

A

Foreigners weren’t to be enemies or villains
At least one child in each group should be from an ethnic minority

61
Q

What were the limited films that still had imperial themes?

A

North West Frontier
Guns at Batasi
Lawrence of Arabia

62
Q

What replaced radio as a more popular source of media?

A

TV

63
Q

What helped people to become more aware of other countries and cultures?

A

Documentaries

64
Q

What shows still highlighted imperialist racist views?

A

That Was the Week
Till Death us Do Part
Black and White Minstrels’ show

Alevel British Empire (24 decks)

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