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Alevel British Empire > Chapter 10 - Attitudes To Empire - The Role And Influence Of Individuals > Flashcards

Chapter 10 - Attitudes To Empire - The Role And Influence Of Individuals Flashcards

1
Q

Who were the main individuals of the Empire 1890-1914?

A

Joseph Chamberlain
Cecil Rhodes
Viceroy Curzon
Evelyn Baring
Alfred Milner

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2
Q

What did Chamberlain turn down other roles to be?

A

Secretary of State for the Colonies

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3
Q

What was he before he was a Liberal Member of Parliament?

A

Mayor of Birmingham

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4
Q

What were his actions?

A

Initiated the Uganda Railway
Allowed the annexation of Ashantiland
Supervised Royal Niger Company
Supported Jameson Raid
In charge when success in Boer War

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5
Q

What did Chamberlain chair to propose imperial defence + customs union?

A

Colonial Conferences 1897 + 1902

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6
Q

Who did these conferences only include?

A

Self-governing white settler colonies
Rejected C ideas

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7
Q

What was C a strong advocate of?

A

‘Colonial development’
Invested in less profitable areas of empire - believes it’s his imperial duty

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8
Q

How was C viewed in the Boer war 1899?

A

National hero

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9
Q

What campaign did he start?

A

Tariff reform
Give colonies imperial preference + access to duty free B market

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10
Q

What distributed large numbers of leaflets + played C recorded messages?

A

A Tariff Reform League

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11
Q

What did he think favourable trade would do?

A

Benefit B
Reduce unemployment

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12
Q

What did he fail to do?

A

Get support of cons
Failed to convince public -feared rises in cost of living

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13
Q

What were the voting results in 1906?

A

Gave Liberals their greatest majority since 1830s
Chamberlain had a stroke shortly after + political career over

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14
Q

What had Cecil Rhodes been promoted to?

A

PM of Cape Colony in 1890

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15
Q

What did he convince people of using his power, fortune + newspapers?

A

It was the right + duty of Anglo-Saxons to dominate Africa + beyond

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16
Q

What did he want up link B rule?

A

From North of SA to Egypt + Sudan

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17
Q

What did he do in 1899?

A

Sent settlers to Fort Salisbury
To open up territory
Known as the Rhodesias in his honour

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18
Q

What was his big project?

A

A railway line from Cape to Bechuanaland - then eventually Nile

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19
Q

Why was this never completed?

A

German occupation of East Africa in 1891

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20
Q

When did Rhodes resign from his post as PM?

A

1896
After Jameson Raid
Died 6 years later

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21
Q

What publicity work did he do to promote the empire?

A

Funds helped to support BE after death + create a pressure group called the Round Table in 1910

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22
Q

Who were the main colonial administrators?

A

Viceroy Curzon
Evelyn Baring
Alfred Milner

23
Q

What did PM Salisbury appoint Curzon in 1899?

A

Viceroy of India

24
Q

What did Curzon produce from his travels?

A

Books on Russia + Persia

25
Q

What did he create when he was concerned with Russian expansion?

A

The North-West Frontier Province 1901
(A province in N Pakistan between Afghanistan and Jammu and Kashmir: part of British India from 1901 until 1947; of strategic importance, esp for the Khyber Pass.)

26
Q

What did he believe?

A

That B had a moral imperial duty

27
Q

What actions did he do in India?

A

Improved administration + agriculture - irrigation projects
Re-armed native regiments
Expanded provincial police
Promoted medical + scientific research
6,000 miles of railway

28
Q

What did he create to give Indian Nobles military roles and officer positions?

A

Imperial Cadets Corps

29
Q

What ways did he honour colonial India?

A

Delhi Durbar 1903
Restored Taj Mahal

30
Q

What was his opinion of Indians?

A

Saw them as less than him
Was wary of giving them responsibility

31
Q

What did he do to try and settle disputes in Bengal?

A

Partition of Bengal
Backfired + resigned same year

32
Q

What was Evelyn Baring’s role in the BE?

A

Consul-General in Egypt

33
Q

What did he believe?

A

Imperialism should be based on Christian morals

34
Q

What Doctrine did he create?

A

‘Granville Doctrine’
Could dismiss Egyptian ministers who refused to accept B directives

35
Q

What was the structure of Egypt classed as?

A

Veiled protectorate
B actually had all the power
Worked as Tewfiq was weak and happy with structure

36
Q

Why was the Egyptian army disbanded?

A

Seen as untrustworthy
New army was organised like B in India

37
Q

What did Baring do in Egypt?

A

Dealt with budget, irrigation projects + helped economics

38
Q

When did he believe B control in Egypt would end?

A

When Egyptian people had learned proper self-governance

39
Q

What did the new leader Abbas Hilmi II want to do?

A

Overthrow B - created nationalist movement
Bullied into submission

40
Q

What did Baring see as a big problem in Egypt?

A

Arabian customs:
Acceptance of slavery
Treatment of women
Justice system

41
Q

What changes did he make?

A

Stopped slavery in E
Outlawed kurbash (leather whip)
Stopped drugs coming in by creating Camel corps
Regulated alcohol sales
Closed gambling houses
Stopped money lending - made a bank

42
Q

Why was he forced to resign?

A

After Denshawai

43
Q

What did parliament award Baring for his ‘eminent services’?

A

£50,000

44
Q

What did he do when he returned to B?

A

Prevented women’s political rights as President of the men’s league

45
Q

What was Milner’s role in the BE?

A

Was administrator in Egypt
Then B High Commissioner for Southern Africa

46
Q

Who did he share views with?

A

Chamberlain

47
Q

What did he create that were named after him?

A

English-speaking ‘Milner schools’

48
Q

What did he want?

A

Full citizenship rights for the Uitilanders after 5 years residence
By Bloemfontein Conference decided to use force

49
Q

What is he known most for?

A

Taking B into the Boer War

50
Q

What did Milner do when B annexed Orange Free State + Transvaal?

A

Took over administration of these areas

51
Q

What did he negotiate as High Commissioner?

A

The Peace of Vereeniging

52
Q

What did he do after the war?

A

Him + ‘Milners Kindergarten’ - lawyers, helped resettle Boers + promoted economic growth

53
Q

What did he want to do?

A

Increase B settlers
Eventually had to employ Chinese to make up labour shortfall - were badly treated + B public found out

Alevel British Empire (24 decks)

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