Chapter 16 Par 2

Question 1

What did Britain’s lose of its North American colonies trigger?

Answer 1

fueled its growing interest and interventions in Asia, contributing to British colonial rule in India and the Opium Wars in China

Question 2

What did Napoleon’s brief conquest of Egypt open up?

Answer 2

the way for a modernizing regime to emerge in that ancient land and stimulated westernizing reforms in the Ottoman Empire

Question 3

During the 19th century were did the idea of a “consititution” find advocates?

Answer 3

in Poland, Latin America, the Spanish ruled Philippines, China, the Ottoman Empire, and British-governed India

Question 4

What three movements arose to challenge continuing patterns of oppression or exclusion?

Answer 4

Abolitionists sought the end of slavery; nationalists hoped to foster unity and independence from foreign rule; and feminists challenged male dominance

Question 5

What revolution was particularly important in prompting Britain to abolish slavery throughout its empire in 1833?

Answer 5

The Great Jamaica Revolt of 1831-32

Question 6

What was the famous motto of the abolitionist movement?

Answer 6

Am I not a man and a brother.

Question 7

The movement to end slavery in the 18th century found wide support among who?

Answer 7

middle- and working-class people in Britain

Question 8

What were some of the techniques used to help abolish slavery?

Answer 8

pamphlets with heartrending descriptions of slavery, numerous petitions to Parliament, lawsuits, and boycotts of slave-produced sugar

Question 9

What happened in 1807 and later in 1834 in Britain?

Answer 9

In 1807, Britain forbade the sale of slaves within its empire and in 1834 emancipated those who remained enslaved

Question 10

What did British naval vessels do as it patrolled the Atlantic?

Answer 10

intercepted illegal slave ships, and freed their human cargoes in a small West African settlement called Freetown, in present-day Sierra Leone

Question 11

Following the British, when did most Latin American countries abolish slavery?

Answer 11

by the 1850s

Question 12

What was one of the last Latin American countries to abolish slavery in 1888?

Answer 12

Brazil

Question 13

What persuaded the Russian tsar to free the many serfs of that huge country in 1861?

Answer 13

fear of rebellion, economic inefficiency, and moral concerns

Question 14

After the trade had been declared illegal, where did most of the slaves now go to?

Answer 14

to Cuba and Brazil

Question 15

What powerful king of the West African state of Asante, was puzzled as to why the British would no longer buy his slaves?

Answer 15

Osei Bonsu; who said “If they think it bad now, why did the think it good before?”

Question 16

What was the only place in the Atlantic world where the redistribution of land followed the end of slavery?

Answer 16

Haiti

Question 17

Large numbers of indentured servants from India and China were imported where?

Answer 17

into the Caribbean, Peru, South Africa, Hawaii, Malaya, and elsewhere to work in mines, on plantations, and in construction projects

Question 18

Where did freedmen everywhere desperatly seek their own land?

Answer 18

In Jamaica

Question 19

In southern United States, a brief period of “radical reconstruction,” followed in which newly free blacks did where subject to what?

Answer 19

to harsh segregation laws, denial of voting rights, a wave of lynching, and a virulent racism

Question 20

What did the Atlantic revolutions also give new prominence to?

Answer 20

the nation

Question 21

By the end of the 20th century, what idea was so widespread as to seem natural and timeless?

Answer 21

the idea that humankind was divided into separate nations, each with a distinct culture and territory and deserving an independent political life

Question 22

What did the printing and the publishing industry standardize?

Answer 22

a variety of dialects into a smaller number of European languages, a process that allowed a growing reading public to think of themselves as members of a common linguistic group or nation

Question 23

What did nationalism inspire?

Answer 23

the political unification of both Germany and Italy

Question 24

What did nationalism also inspire?

Answer 24

encouraged Greeks and Serbs to assert their independence from the Ottoman Empire; Czechs and Hungarians to demand more autonomy within the Austrian Empire; Poles and Ukrainians to become more aware of their oppression within the Russian Empire; and the Irish to seek “home rule” and separation from Great Britain

Question 25

By the end of the 19th century, what emerged seeking a homeland in Palestine, emerging from Europe’s frequently persecuted Jews?

Answer 25

a small Zionist movement

Question 26

Popular nationalism made what normal among European states?

Answer 26

rivalry, and the immensity of the suffering and sacrifice that it generated in Europe was vividly disclosed during the horrors of World War I

Question 27

Nationalism fueled rivalries in European derived states in the Americas for example…

Answer 27

the Mexican-United States War of 1846-48 and the devastating conflict between Paraguay and the Triple Alliance of Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay between 1863 and 1870

Question 28

Who were some supporters of liberal democracy and representative government who saw nationalism, with its emphasis on “the people,” as an aid to their aspirations toward wider involvement in political life?

Answer 28

United States and France

Question 29

What was the view that identified that nation with a particular territory and maintained that people of various cultural backgrounds could assimilate into the dominant culture, as in the process of “becoming American.”

Answer 29

civic nationalism

Question 30

What country sometimes defined the nation in racial terms, which excluded those who did not share a common ancestry?

Answer 30

Germany

Question 31

What group established in 1885 gave expression to the idea that their enormously diverse country as a single nation?

Answer 31

the Indian National Congress

Question 32

What French writer called for “the complete destruction of those prejudices that have established an inequality of rights between the sexes.”

Answer 32

Condorcet

Question 33

What writer pened her famous Vindication of the Rights of Woman, one of the earliest expressions of a feminist consciousness? Saying, “Who made man the exclusive judge, if woman partake with him of the gift of reason.”

Answer 33

Mary Wollstonecraft

Question 34

What things did women increasingly take part in?

Answer 34

in temperance movements, charities, abolitionism, and missionary work

Question 35

Where did the first organized expression of this new feminism take place?

Answer 35

at the Women’s Rights Convention in Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848

Question 36

At the Women’s Rights Convention, who drafted a statement that began by paraphrasing the Declaration of Independence: “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men and women are created equal.”

Answer 36

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Question 37

Who published a Women’s Bible, excising the parts she found offensive?

Answer 37

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Question 38

By 1914, some 100,000 women took part in French feminist organizations, while what claimed 2 million members?

Answer 38

National American Woman Suffrage Association

Question 39

What women’s groups organized a campaign of violence that included blowing up railroad stations , slashing works of art, and smashing department store windows?

Answer 39

British Women’s Social and Political Union

Question 40

What women British activist threw herself in front of the king’s horse during a race in Britain in 1913 and was trampled to death?

Answer 40

Emily Davison

Question 41

In Britain, who professionalized nursing and attracted thousands of women into it?

Answer 41

Florence Nightingale

Question 42

What person in the United States virtually invented “social work,” which also became a female-dominated profession?

Answer 42

Jane Addams

Question 43

In 1893, which country became the first to give the rights for all adult women to vote?

Answer 43

New Zealand

Question 44

In what book by Henrik Ibsen, the heroine, Nora, found herself in a loveless and oppressive marriage, leaves both her husband and her children?

Answer 44

A Doll’s House

Question 45

Who was the founder of the first feminist organization in Egypt who returned to Cairo in 1923 from an international conference in Italy and threw her veil into the sea?

Answer 45

Huda Sharawi