Chapter 13 Flashcards
Social psychology?
focuses on understanding the context of human behavior.
- The presence of other people
- Social activity and inter personal interactions
- The expectations and social norms about “typical” behavior
What are the two main schools of thought for how our behavior is affected in social environment’s?
- ) situationism: external environment influences thoughts, emotions, and behaviors in both subtle and overt ways
- ) Dispositionsism: behaviors are a product of internal factors, including genetics, personality traits, and personal character qualities.
Who is and what did Norman Triplett do?
Observed cyclist: found that the group settings increased results in training.
What is social facilitation?
performance is enhanced around others
What determines acceptable behaviors?
social role: socially defined pattern of behavior.
( How you act around different people and environments)
Social norms: the expectations that a group has for what behaviors and attitudes are acceptable among its members.
How do schemas play a role in social behavior?
- provides a framework for the understanding topics, events, people or situations
- schemas are vital in helping us know what to expect
- and how to respond to people and situations
Stereotypes?
Rigid ( potentially false) expectations of beliefs about a group based on schemas.
- leading to bias in interactions and behavior with members of that group
What is stereotype threat?
when a member of a negatively stereotyped group performs poorly, due to pressure from the stereotype
( stereotype may not have to be true)
What is the stereotype threat in testing?
- Intelligence test are biased toward white males
- there is a stereotype that African Americans are less intelligent, which led them to perform worse on intelligence tests.
- When the same test was labeled reasoning test, performance differences disappeared
What did Spencer, Steele, and Quinn find about testing reinforcements?
When testing situation reinforces a negative stereotype, stereotype threat is more prominent.
Ex: men and women take a math test, but the women are told the stereotype is women score more poorly and this made them women score way worse than when they were not told this.
The Robber’s Cave Studies?
Who Studied this?
- ) realistic conflict theory: prejudice, stereotypes, and conflict due to competition over limited resources
- ) Muzafer Sherif
summarization of of Robber’s Cave Study?
phase 1: bonding
phase 2: competition
Phase 3: Reducing Friction
What is conformity?
in social situations, people often exhibit the chameleon effect:
- mimic others spoken thoughts and behaviors to fit in
- tendency to adopt the attitudes, behaviors, and opinions of a group
The Asch Effect?
Conformity in which a group majority influences individuals’ judgment about otherwise unambiguous stimulus
When is conformity liekly?
Unanimous majority large group size when behavior or thoughts will be public when answers are not immediately obvious majority is viewed as high status individual has low self esteem
