16 book

Question 1

eclectic approach:

Answer 1

an approach to psychotherapy that uses techniques from various forms of therapy.

Question 2

resistance:

Answer 2

in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety laden material.

Question 3

interpretation:

Answer 3

in psychoanalysis, the analyst’s noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to
promote insight.

Question 4

transference:

Answer 4

in psychoanalysis, the patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent).

Question 5

insight therapies:

Answer 5

therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing a person’s awareness of underlying motives and defenses.

Question 6

client-centered therapy:

Answer 6

a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in
which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within an accepting, genuine, empathic environment to facilitate clients’ growth. (Also
called person-centered therapy.)

Question 7

active listening:

Answer 7

empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers’ client-centered therapy.

Question 8

unconditional positive regard:

Answer 8

a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude,

which Carl Rogers believed would help clients develop self-awareness and self acceptance.

Question 9

behavior therapy:

Answer 9

therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.

Question 10

counterconditioning:

Answer 10

behavior therapy procedures that use classical
conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; include exposure therapies and aversive conditioning.

Question 11

exposure therapies:

Answer 11

behavioral techniques, such as systematic
desensitization and virtual reality exposure therapy, that treat anxieties by
exposing people (in imaginary or actual situations) to the things they fear and
avoid.

Question 12

virtual reality exposure therapy:

Answer 12

a counterconditioning technique that treats
anxiety through creative electronic simulations in which people can safely face their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking.

Question 13

aversive conditioning:

Answer 13

associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with

an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).

Question 14

group therapy:

Answer 14

therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals,

providing benefits from group interaction.

Question 15

family therapy:

Answer 15

therapy that treats people in the context of their family system. Views an individual’s unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other
family members.

Question 16

meta-analysis:

Answer 16

a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies.

Question 17

evidence-based practice:

Answer 17

clinical decision making that integrates the best
available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and
preferences.

Question 18

therapeutic alliance:

Answer 18

a bond of trust and mutual understanding between a
therapist and client, who work together constructively to overcome the client’s
problem

Question 19

lobotomy:

Answer 19

a psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves connecting the
frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain.

Question 20

resilience:

Answer 20

the personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and
recover from adversity and even trauma.

Question 21

posttraumatic growth:

Answer 21

positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises.