Chapter 1 Extra Flashcards
what does ___ mean?
hepatitis
hepat/itis
inflammation of the liver
what is the difference between ___ and ____?
ileum and ilium
ileum with an “e” is part of the digestive track, which has to do with eating
Ilium with an i had to do with part of the hip bone
what is the ___?
ureter
one of two tubes, each leading from a single kidney and inserting into the urinary bladder. ureters go between the kidneys and urinary bladder
*hint: ureter has two “e’s” and urethra has just one “e”
cephalgia
“headache”
what is the urethra?
urethra
is the tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
*hint: urethra has just one e and ureter has two “e’s”
opthalmologist
“eye doctor”
put into parts the word hematology
hemat/o/logy
root, combining vowel, suffix
what does the suffix -logy mean?
Process of study
the combining vowel is usually an ___?
O
what two things does the combining vowel link together?
- combining vowel links the root to a suffix
- and the root to another root
what are two grammer rules for combining vowel?
- the combinig vowel is dropped before a suffix that begins with a vowel ex… Gastr/itis (root stomache) (suffix inflammation)
- the combining vowel is retained, however, between two roots, even if the second root begins with a vowel. ex… gastr/o/enter/o/logy. root-cv-root-suffix (r. stomach, o. cv, r. intestines, s. process of study.)
when a term contains two or more roots related to parts of the body what determines which root goes before the other?
anatomic position
ex…gastroenterology- stomach comes before the intestines. not enterogastrology
read the meaning of medical terms from the ___ to the ____of the term and across
suffix & beginning
drop the combining vowel (usually o) before a ____ beginning with a ___
suffix / vowel
ex…gastr/itis not gastr/o/ities
keep the combining vowel between ___ ___.
two roots
ex… gastr/o/enter/o/logy not gastr/enter/o/logy
divide the term and give its meaning
adenoma
aden/oma
tumor of a gland
oma means tumor or mass
divide the term and give its meaning
adenitis
aden/itis
inflammation of the gland
divide the term and give its meaning
arthritis
arthr/itis
inflammation of the joint
divide the term and give its meaning
biology
bi/o/logy
the suffix -logy is composed of the rot log (study) and the final suffix -y (process or condition)
Process of study of life.
divide the term and give its meaning
biopsy
bi/opsy
process of viewing living tissue
dived the term and give its meaning
carcinoma
carcin/oma
tumor or mass, of cancer
carcinomas grow from the epithelial (surface or skin) cells that cover the outside of the body and line organs, cavities, and tubes withing the body.
divide the term and give its meaning
cardiology
cardi/o/logy
the process of studing the heart
divide the term and give its meaning
cephalic
cephal/ic
pertaining to the head
a cephalic presentaion describers a “head first” position for the dilivery of an infant.
what is the ___?
Esophagus
tube leading from the throat to the stomach
what is a ___?
cerebrovascular accident (CVA)?
It is a stroke that occurs when blood vessels are damaged in the cerebrum and blood is prevented from reaching functional areas of the brain
cerebr/o/vascul/ar
what does the combining form ___ mean?
vascul/o
blood vessel
as in cerebr/o/vascul/ar
divide the term and give its meaning
cerebral
cerebr/al
al (pertaining to) the cerebrum. The largest part of the brain.
divide the term and give its meaning
excision
ex/cis/ion
prefix ex-means out
process of cutting out
divide the term and give its meaning
endocrine glands
endo/crine
prefix endo means within
and the root crine means to secreate.
glands that secrete within. (e.g., thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal glands secrete hormaones directly within (into) the boodstream.
divide the term and give its meaning
exocrine glands
ex/o/crine
relese secretions (e.g., saliva, sweat tears, milk) through tubes (ducts) to the outside of the body.
glands that secrete/out
divide the term and give its meaning
cystoscopy
cyst/o/scopy
the suffix -scopy is a complex suffix that includes the root scop, mening visual examiniation, and the final suffix -y, meaning process
the process of visualy examining the urinary bladder
divide the term and give its meaning
cytology
cyt/o/logy
process of studing cells
divide the term and give its meaning
hypodermic
hypo/derm/ic
pertaining to below or under the skin
divide the term and give its meaning
electrocardiogram
abbreviated ECG or EKG
electr/o/cardi/o/gram
the suffix -gram means record.
record electricity in the heart
record of electricity of the heart
divide the term and give its meaning
electroencephalogram
EEG
electr/o/encephal/o/gram
record electricity in the brain
divide the term and give its meaning
enteritis
enter/itis
inflamation of the intestines
divide the term and give its meaning
erythrocyte
erythr/o/cyte
the suffix -cyte means cell
erythrocytes are red blood cells that carry oxygen in the blood
divide the term and give its meaning
gastrectomy
gastr/ectomy
the suffix ectomy means excision or removal. All or, more commonly, part of the stomach is removed
what does the comples suffix -tomy as in gatronomy mean?
suffix -tomy contins the root tom, meaning to cut, and the final suffix -y, meaning the process of
divide the term and give its meaning
hyperglycemia
hyper/glyc/emia
suffix -emia means a blood condition
hyper- means excessive, above, more than normal
root means glucose or sugar
a blood condition where excessive glucose is in the blood.
divide the term and give its meaning
diagnosis
dia/gnos/is
dia- means complete. The suffix -sis means state or condition of
the root gnos means knowledge
a diagnosis is made after sufficient information has been obtained about the patient’s condition
“state of complete knowledge”
divide the term and give its meaning
prognosis
pro/gnos/is
“knowledge before” a prognosis is a prediction about the outcome of an illness, but it is always given after the diagnosis has been determined.
divide the term and give its meaning
gynecology
gynec/o/logy
process of studing women
dived the term and give its meaning
hematology
hemat/o/logy
process of studing blood
divide the term and give its meaning
hematology
hemat/o/logy
the process of studing blood
divid the term and give its meaning
hematoma
hemat/oma
the suffix -oma means a mass or collection of blood, rather than a growth of cells (tumor). A hematoma forms when blood escapes from blood vessels and collects as a clot in a cavity or organ or under the skin.
divide the term and give its meaning
hemoglobin
hem/o/globin
the suffix -globin means protein. Hemoglobin carries oxygen in red blood cells
divid the term and give its meaning
iatrogenic
iatr/o/genic
suffix -genic means pertaining to producing, produced by, or produced in. iatr/o means treatment, physician.
iatrogenic conditionas are adverse effects that result from treatment or intervention by a physcian
divide the term and give its meaning
leukocyte
leuk/o/cyte
cell that is white or white blood cell. It helps the body fight disease.
divide the term and give its meaning
dermatology
dermat/o/logy
process of studing the skin
divide the term and give its meaning
nephritis
nephr/itis
inflamation of the kidney
divide the term and give its meaning
nephrology
nephr/o/logy
process of studing the kidneys
divide the term and give its meaning
neurology
neur/o/logy
process of studying nerves
divide the term and give its meaning
hyperglycemia
hyper/glyc/emia
blood condition that has excessive glucose or sugar in the blood.
type 1 diabetes ___insulin
lacks insulin
type 2 diabetes has ___ insulin
ineffective insulin.
divide the term and give its meaning
oncology
onc/o/logy
process of studing cancerous tumors.
divide the term and give its meaning
oncologist
onc/o/log/ist
the suffix -ist means one who specializes in a field of medicine ( or other profession).
a specialist who studies cancerous tumors.
divid the term and give its meaning
ophthalmoscope
ophthalm/o/scope
an instrument for visually examaning eyes.
divide the term and give its meaning
osteitis
oste/itis
inflamation of the bones
divide the term and give its meaning
osteoarthritis
oste/o/arthr/itis
inflamation of the bone and joint
divide the term and give its meaning
Pathologist
path/o/log/ist
specialist that studys disease. A pathologist examines bipsy samples microscopically and examines dead bodies to derermine the cause of death.
divide the term and give its meaning
pediatric
ped/iatr/ic
pertaing to the treatment of children.
divide the term and give its meaning
psychology
psych/o/logy
process of study of the mind
divide the term and give its meaning
psychiatrist
psych/iatr/ist
a specialist that treats the mind
divide the term and give its meaning
radiology
radi/o/logy
process of study of x-rays or radioactivity. Low-energy x-rays are used for diagnostic imaging.
divide the term and give its meaning
renal
ren/al
pertaining to the kidney
divide the term and give its meaning
rhinitis
rhin/itis
inflammation of the nose
divide the term and give its meaning
sarcoma
sarc/oma
tumor of flesh or connective tissue. It is a cancerous (malignant) tumor. A sarcome grows from cells of “fleshy” connective tissue such as muscle, bone, and fat
what kind of cells do carcinomas grow from?
epithelial cells that line the outside of the body or the inside of organs in the body.
divide the term and give its meaning
resection
re/sect/ion
process of cutting back
divide the term and give its meaning
thrombocyte
thromb/o/cyte
cell that clots. Also known as platelets. A thrombus is the actual clot that forms, and thrombosis is the condition of the clot formation.
divide the term and give its meaning
urologist
ur/o/log/ist
specialist who studies the urinary tract. They are also a surgeon
is an internal medicine specialist a surgeon?
No they are a nonsurgical doctor
divide the term and give its meaning
cardiac
cardi/ac
pertaining to the heart
divide the term and give its meaning
neural
neur/al
pertaining to the nerve
divide the term and give its meaning
arthralgia
arthr/algia
pain in the joints
divide the term and give its meaning
neuralgia
neur/algia
pain in the nerves
divide the term and give its meaning
erythrocyte
erythro/cyte
red blood cell
divide the term and give its meaning
nephrectomy
nephr/ectomy
remove, excise or resect part of the kidney
divide the term and give its meaning
leukemia
leuk/emia
a blood condition of white blood cells. It is a condition of blood in which cancerous white blood cells proliferate
divide the term and give its meaning
carcinogenic
carcin/o/genic
produced by cancer. Cigarette smoke is carcinogenic.
divide the term and give its meaning
pathogenic
path/o/genic
produced by disease. Many viruses and bacteria are pathoginic organisms.
divide the terms and give their meaning
osteogenic sarcoma
oste/o/genic sarc/omo
malignant tumor produced in bone.
divide the term and give its meaning
hemoglobin
hem/o/globin
blood protein
divide the term and give its meaning
electroencephalogram
electr/o/encephal/o/gram
record of electricity in the brain
divide the term and give its meaning
gastric
gastr/ic
pertaining to the stomach
divide the term and give its meaning
neurologic
neur/o/log/ic
pertaining to the study of nervous tissue or nerves
divide the term and give its meaning
excision
ex/cis/ion
process of cutting out
divide the term and give its meaning
ophthalmologist
ophthalm/o/log/ist
specialist who studys the eyes
divide the term and give its meaning
cystitis
cyst/itis
inflammation of the urinary bladder
divide the term and give its meaning
endocrinology
endo/crin/o/log/y
process of study of secreating glands within the body
divide the term and give its meaning
hepatoma
hepat/oma
tumor of the liver
an ophthalmologist is ?
an optometrist is ?
an otician is ?
- eye doctor
- eye glass measurer
- a person makes glasses but does not examine eyes
divide the term and give its meaning
nephrosis
nephr/osis
a condition usually abnormal of the kidney(s)
divide the term and give its meaning
leukocytosis
leuk/o/cyt/osis
condition with a slight increase in normal white blood cells
divide the term and give its meaning
encephalopathy
encephal/o/pathy
disease or condition of the brain.
divide the term and give its meaning
endoscope
endo/scope
and instrument to visually examine within
divide the term and give its meaning
endoscopy
endo/scopy
procedure or process to examine within. It is performed with and endoscope
A serious brain inury associated with hight-impact head trauma (as may be found in football and boxing)
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy
[ CTE ]
divide the term and give its meaning
autopsy
aut/opsy
process of viewing by oneself.
the examintion of a dead body with ones own eyes to determaine the cause of death
divide the terms and give thier meaning
epigastric and epidermis
epi/gastric - above the stomach
epi/dermis - above or the outermost layer of skin
divide the term and give its meaning
hyperthyroidism
hyper/thyroid/ism
the suffix -ism means process or condition. It is a hyperactive thyroid gland that secretes to much thyroxine or T4 hormone
Symptoms: increased energy
causes cells to burn fuel and release energy
divide the term and give its meaning
pericardium
peri/cardi/um
the suffix -um means a strucrture
the pericardium is the membrane that surrounds the heart.
what is the prostate gland?
a gland that “stands” (-state) before (pro) or infront of the male urinary bladder
It produces semen, which contains fluid and sperm cells.
divide the term and give its meaning
retrocardiac
retro/cardi/ac
pertaining to behind the heart
divide the term and give its meaning
subhepatic
sub/hepat/ic
pertaining to below or under the liver
divide the term and give its meaning
transhepatic
trans/hepat/ic
pertaining to across or through the liver