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ANP 100 > Chap 8: Nervous System WS > Flashcards

Chap 8: Nervous System WS Flashcards

1
Q

Consists of the brain and spinal cord

A

CNS

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2
Q

Transmits action potentials from sensory organs to CNS.

A

Afferent Division

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3
Q

Nerves and ganglia outside the CNS

A

PNS

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4
Q

Subdivision of the efferent division that transmits action
potentials from the CNS to skeletal muscle only

A

Somatic motor nervous system

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5
Q

Subdivision of the efferent division that transmits action
potentials to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, or glands; includes sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

A

Autonomic nervous system

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6
Q

Location of the nucleus and source of information for protein
synthesis.

A

Cell body

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7
Q

Usually receives information and transmits it to the cell body

A

Dendrite

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7
Q

Areas of rough endoplasmic reticulum concentration in the cell
body

A

Nissl bodies

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8
Q

Branch of an axon

A

Collateral axon

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8
Q

Insulating layer of cells around an axon

A

Myelin sheath

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9
Q

Long cell process from the cell body; conducts action potentials

A

Axon

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10
Q

Neuron with several dendrites and one axon; most efferent
neurons

A

Multipolar

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11
Q

Neuron with one dendrite and one axon; found in the eye and
nose

A

Bipolar

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12
Q

Neuron with single process that functions as an axon and a
dendrite; most afferent neurons.

A

Unipolar

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13
Q

Produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid in the CNS.

A

Ependymal cells

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14
Q

Participate with blood vessel endothelium to form a
permeability barrier in the CNS between blood and nerve cells

A

Astrocytes

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15
Q

Form myelin sheaths around axons in the PNS

A

Schwann cells

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15
Q

Form myelin sheaths around axons in the CNS

A

Oligodendrocytes

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15
Q

Help remove bacteria and cell debris from the CNS

A

Microglia

16
Q

Axons are surrounded by the (1) of oligodendrocytes in the
(2) or Schwann cells in the (3) . (4) rest in indentations of
the oligodendrocytes or Schwann cells, whereas (5) have
cell processes repeatedly wrapped around them. In
myelinated axons, gaps in the myelin sheath called (6) can
be seen between the oligodendrocyte segments or between
Schwann cells.

A
  1. Cell processes
  2. CNS
  3. PNS
  4. Unmyelinated axons
  5. Myelinated axons
  6. Nodes of Ranvier
17
Q

Gray matter on the surface of the brain

A

Cortex

18
Q

Color of groups of neuron cell bodies and their dendrites

A

Gray matter

19
Q

Cluster of gray matter located deep in the brain

A

Nucleus

20
Q

Cluster of neuron cell bodies in the PNS

A

Ganglion

21
Q

Color produced by bundles of axons with their myelin sheaths

A

White matter

22
Q

Conduction pathway composed of white matter in the CNS

A

Nerve tract

22
Q

Axon end that interacts with other neurons or effector organs

A

Postsynaptic membrane

23
Q

Bundle of axons and its connective tissue sheath in the PNS

A

Nerves

24
Q

Membrane of the dendrite or effector cell

A

Postsynaptic membrane

25
Q

Space separating the presynaptic terminal and postsynaptic
membrane

A

Synaptic cleft

26
Q

General term for chemical substances released from the
presynaptic terminal.

A

Neurotransmitters

27
Q

Structures in which the neurotransmitter is stored

A

Synaptic vesicles

28
Q

Condition in postsynaptic cell if potassium or chloride channels
open

A

Hyperpolarized

29
Q

Most common neurotransmitters

A

Acetylcholine and norepinephrine

30
Q

Enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine soon after its release

A

Acetylcholinesterase

31
Q

Part of the peripheral nervous system with 12 pairs of nerves

A

Cranial

32
Q

Part of the peripheral nervous system with 31 pairs of nerves.

A

Spinal

33
Q

Fibers that collect information and carry it to the CNS

A

Afferent

34
Q

Part of the central nervous system housed within the cranial
vault

A

Brain

34
Q

Fibers that relay information from the CNS to various parts of
the body

A

Efferent

35
Q

Part of the central nervous system from the foramen magnum
to the second lumbar vertebra

A

Spinal cord

36
Q

Part of the neuron (nerve cell) that contains the nucleus; site of
general cell functions

A

Cell body

36
Q

Part of the central nervous system containing the brainstem,
diencephalon, cerebrum and cerebellum

A

Brain

37
Q

Receive action potentials and conduct them toward the cell
body

A

Dendrites

38
Q

Conducts action potentials away from the cell body.

A

Axon

39
Q

Support cells of the nervous system; function to nourish, protect
and insulate the neurons

A

Neuroglia

ANP 100 (17 decks)

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