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ANP 101 > Chap 15: Respiratory System (Transes) > Flashcards

Chap 15: Respiratory System (Transes) Flashcards

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1
Q

Organs used of gas exchange

A

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

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2
Q

Regulation of blood pH

A

7.35-7.45

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3
Q

The lungs produce

A

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)

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4
Q

GENERAL PARTS:

A
  1. Nose
  2. Nasal cavity
  3. Larynx
  4. Pharynx
  5. Trachea
  6. Bronchi
  7. Lungs
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5
Q

Upper Respiratory Tract

A

Nose, Nasal Cavity Pharynx

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6
Q

Lower Respiratory Tract

A

Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs

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6
Q

Exclusively for air movement

A

Conduction

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7
Q

Gas exchange occurs (between air & blood)

A

Respiration

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7
Q

Open chamber inside the nose where air first enters

A

NASAL CAVITY

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8
Q

Nose composed of ______

A

hyaline cartilage plate

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9
Q

superior to each nostril with hair follicles

A

Nasal vestibule

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10
Q

divides nasal cavity (R & L)

A

Nasal septum

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11
Q

posterior part; opening of pharynx

A

Choanae

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12
Q

protrudes medially; increases the mucosal area and facilitate air turbulence to filter and moisture it

A

Conchae

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13
Q

anterior; roof of mouth

A

Hard palate

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14
Q

Connects the NC and superior to the larynx

A

PHARYNX

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14
Q

Serves as a passageway for both air and food

A

PHARYNX

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15
Q

near nasal area; only serves as air passageway

A

Nasopharynx

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16
Q

near mouth (oral)

A

Oropharynx

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17
Q

near laryngeal area

A

Laryngopharynx

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17
Q

Also known as voice box

A

LARYNX

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18
Q

Provides a patent airway

A

LARYNX

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19
Q

cartilage: largest amongst all; only 1

A

Thyroid cartilage

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20
Q

cartilage: point of junction anterior midline laryngeal prominence

A

Thyroid cartilage

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21
Q

cartilage: Ring of hyaline cartilage

A

Cricoid cartilage

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22
Q

cartilage: Forms the wall of larynx

A

Cricoid cartilage

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23
Q

cartilage: Large lift-shaped muscle

A

Epiglottis

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23
Q

cartilage: Prevents food and drink from entering trachea

A

Epiglottis

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24
Q

cartilage: Triangular ; posterior

A

Arytenoid cartilage

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25
Q

cartilage:Horn shaped

A

Corniculate cartilage

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26
Q

cartilage: Supports the vocal folds and lateral aspects of epiglottis

A

Cuneiform cartilage

27
Q

Primary production of sound

A

VOCAL FOLDS

28
Q

False pair of VF

A

superior pair

28
Q

2 pair of ligaments that extend from laryngeal cartilages

A

VOCAL FOLDS

29
Q

True pair of VF

A

inferior pair

30
Q

Do not function in voice production

A

VESTIBULAR FOLDS

31
Q

Combination of VF and the opening is called Rima glottidis

A

GLOTTIS

31
Q

Function in holding breathe against pressure in the thoracic cavity

A

VESTIBULAR FOLDS

32
Q

Force of air moving the vocal cords will determine the amplitude and loudness of the sound

A

VOICE PRODUCTION

33
Q

Tubular passageway for air

A

TRACHEA/WINDPIPE

33
Q

point where the trachea divides into the primary bronchi

A

Carina

34
Q

Forms the primary bronchi

A

BRONCHIAL TREE

35
Q

Small, air-filled chambers where air and blood come into contact with each other

A

Alveoli

36
Q

Very thin squamous epithelial cells that forms 90% of alveolar surface

A

Type I Pneumocytes

37
Q

Where most gas exchange between alveolar air and blood takes place

A

Type I Pneumocytes

38
Q

External surfaces are densely covered with pulmonary capillaries

A

RESPIRATORY ZONE

38
Q

Produces surfactants

A

Type II Pneumocytes

39
Q

Consist of 2 layers of simple squamous epithelium, including secreted fluids and separating spaces

A

RESPIRATORY MEMBRANE

39
Q

Site where oxygen from alveolus enters the blood and CO2 exits the blood

A

RESPIRATORY MEMBRANE

40
Q

FLOW OF AIR

A

Nose/mouth → nasal cavity → pharynx → larynx → trachea → primary bronchi → secondary bronchi → tertiary bronchi → bronchioles → terminal bronchioles → respiratory bronchioles → alveolar ducts → alveoli / alveolar sacs

41
Q

principal organs of respiration

A

Lungs

42
Q

Point where the blood vessels and the primary B.

A

Hilum

42
Q

Has 3 lobes

A

RIGHT LUNG

42
Q

Divided by 2 fissures

A

RIGHT LUNG

43
Q

Larger

A

RIGHT LUNG

44
Q

Divided by 1 fissure

A

LEFT LUNG

44
Q

Has 2 lobes

A

LEFT LUNG

44
Q

Smaller

A

LEFT LUNG

45
Q

Separated from one another by connective tissue septa

A

BRONCHOPULMONARY SEGMENTS

46
Q

Movement of air inside the lungs

A

Inspiration

47
Q

Movement of air outside the lungs

A

Expiration

48
Q

The upper ribs (1-7) elevate and rotate outward.

A

PUMP HANDLE

48
Q

The sternum (breastbone) moves up and down

A

PISTON PUMP

49
Q

The lower ribs (8-10) elevate and flare outward.

A

BUCKET HANDLE

50
Q

Outside, 0 mmHg

A

Barometric

51
Q

Pleural cavity, always 4 mmHg, less than always negative

A

Intrapleural

52
Q

Inside the alveoli, equalizes outside the body

A

Intrapulmonary

53
Q

Difference, lungs open and keep it from collapsing

A

Transpulmonary

54
Q

Inhale maximally (2nd inspire)

A

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

55
Q

In-out air; normal inspire and expire

A

Tidal Volume

55
Q

2nd expiration after normal exp. ; maximal

A

Expiratory reserve volume

56
Q

Volume of air remaining

A

Residual volume

57
Q

maximally inspire after normal expiration

A

Inspiratory capacity

58
Q

after normal inspiration, maximal expiration

A

Vital capacity

59
Q

air remaining after normal expiration

A

Functional residual capacity

ANP 101 (24 decks)

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