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ANP 101 > Chap 5: Integumentary System > Flashcards

Chap 5: Integumentary System Flashcards

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1
Q

superficial layer of skin

A

Epidermis

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2
Q

a layer of dense connective tissue right below the epidermis

A

Dermis

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3
Q

the cells change shape and
chemical composition; it becomes filled with the
protein keratin which makes them more rigid
and durable

A

Keratinization

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4
Q

Consists of cuboidal
or columnar cells

A

Stratum Basale

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5
Q

Has a flattened
appearance

A

Stratum Spinosum

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6
Q

Accumulates lipid
filled vesicles called
lamellar bodies

A

Stratum Spinosum

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7
Q

Flat and diamond
shaped

A

Stratum Granulosum

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8
Q

The cells accumulate
more keratin and
release the content of
the lamellar bodies to
the extracellular
space

A

Stratum Granulosum

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9
Q

The cells of this layer
no longer have nuclei
or organelles making
cells stain more
lightly

A

Spinosum

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9
Q

Consists of 25 or
more layers of dead
squamous cells filled
with keratin joined by
desmosomes

A

Stratum Corneum

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10
Q

sloughed cells from the surface of the scalp

A

Dandruf

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11
Q

formed when the layers of stratum corneum
increases when subjected to friction

A

Callus

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12
Q

a cone-shaped structure that can form in
body areas due to layering

A

Corn

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12
Q

Dense collagenous connective tissue

A

DERMIS

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13
Q

orientation of collagen fibers
in different directions; the skin is most resistant
to stretch along these lines

A

Cleavage lines

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14
Q

damage in the dermis caused
by overstretching

A

Stretch marks

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15
Q

projections on the upper part
of the dermis; supplies nutrients to the dermis

A

Dermal papillae

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16
Q

patterns that shape the
overlying epidermis

A

Friction ridges

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17
Q

delivers material to the
blood slowly; administered by inserting a small
needle at a shallow angle into the dermis

A

Intradermal injection

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18
Q

pinching the skin to
form a tent and inserting a short needle into the
adipose tissue

A

Subcutaneous injectio

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19
Q

group of pigments responsible for skin,
hair, and eye color; also provides protection against
UV light from the sun

A

Melanin

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20
Q

delivers material to
the blood faster the intradermal or
subcutaneous; inserting a long needle at a 90
degree angle into a muscle deep to the
subcutaneous tissue

A

Intramuscular injection

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21
Q

a decrease of O2 in the blood producing
a bluish color of the skin

A

Cyanosis

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21
Q

produces melanin

A

Melanocytes

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22
Q

vesicles where melanin is
packaged

A

Melanosomes

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23
Q

recessive genetic trait that causes a deficiency or an absence of melanin resulting in fair skin, white hair, and unpigmented irises in the eyes

A

Albinism

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24
Q

yellow pigment found in plants such as
squash and carrots

A

Carotene

25
Q

Caused by exposure to UV light from the sun

A

SKIN CANCER

26
Q

develops from
cells immediately superficial to the stratum
basale; results to nodular, keratinized tumor
confined to the epidermis

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

26
Q

the most frequent
type, with little chance that this type of cancer
will spread or metastasize to other areas

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

27
Q

Found everywhere on the skin, except on the palms,
soles, lips, nipples, parts of the genitalia, and the
distal segments of the fingers and toes

A

HAIR

27
Q

rare form of skin
cancer that arises from melanocytes, usually a
in a preexisting mole; it is common and often
fatal unless diagnosed and treated early in
development

A

Malignant Melanoma

28
Q

Not part of the skin but attaches the skin to
underlying bone and muscle

A

Hypodermis

29
Q

protrudes above the surface of the skin

A

Hair Shaft

29
Q

invagination of the epidermis that extends deep into the dermis

A

Hair Follicle

30
Q

expanded base of the root; where hair is produced

A

Hair Bulb

30
Q

surrounds the softer center

A

Cortex

30
Q

single layer or overlapping cells that holds the hair in the hair follicle

A

Cuticle

31
Q

extension of the dermis that
protrudes into the hair bulb; its blood vessels supply the hair bulb with nourishment to
produce hair

A

Hair Papilla

32
Q

soft center of the hair

A

Medulla

33
Q

smooth muscle cells; when it
contracts it causes the hair to become more
perpendicular to the skin’s surface and raises an
area of the skin called a “goose bump”

A

Arrector Pili

34
Q

simple, branches acinar
glands that produces sebum

A

Sebaceous Glands

34
Q

simple coiled tubular glands

A

Eccrine Glands

34
Q

simple, coiled tubular glands

A

Apocrine Glands

35
Q

oily, white substance rich in lipids; lubricates the hair and the surface of the skin

A

Sebum

36
Q

A thin plate, consisting of layers of dead stratum
corneum that contain a very hard type of keratin

A

NAILS

37
Q

part of the nail covered by skin

A

Nail Root

37
Q

visible part of the nail

A

Nail Body

37
Q

stratum corneum that extends onto
the nail body

A

Cuticle

38
Q

where the nail root extends distally

A

Nail Matrix

39
Q

a bluish color of the skin caused by decreased blood O2

A

Cyanosis

40
Q

a yellowish skin color resulting from liver damaged by a disease such as hepatitis

A

Jaundice

41
Q

results when bacteria infecting the
throat release a toxin into the blood that causes a
reddish rash on the skin

A

Scarlet fever

42
Q

the skin produces excess
keratin and assumes a characteristic sandpaper
texture

A

Vitamin A Deficiency

43
Q

the nails lose their normal
contour and become flat or concave

A

Iron-deficiency Anemia

44
Q

high levels of lead in the hair

A

Lead poisoning

45
Q

Part of the stratum
basale remains
viable, and
regeneration of the
epidermis occurs
from within the burn
area, as well as the
edges of the burn.

A

Partial-Thickness Burn

46
Q

● First-degree burn
● Second-degree burn

A

Partial-Thickness Burn

47
Q

The epidermis and
the dermis are
completely
destroyed, and
recovery occurs from
the edge of the burn
wound.

A

Full-Thickness Burns

48
Q

● Third-degree burn
● Fourth-degree burn

A

Full-Thickness Burns

49
Q

involve only the epidermis and
are red and painful

A

First-degree burns

50
Q

damage both the
epidermis and the dermis

A

Second-degree burns

51
Q

the epidermis and dermis are
completely destroyed

A

Third-degree burns

52
Q

the epidermis and part of the
dermis are removed from another part of the
body and placed over the burn

A

Split skin graft

53
Q

extremely severe burns that
affect tissues deeper than the subcutaneous tissue

A

Fourth-degree burns

ANP 101 (25 decks)

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