Chap 15: Respiratory System WS Flashcards

1
Q

Posterior openings from the nasal cavity into the pharynx

A

Internal nares

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2
Q

Divides the nasal cavity into right and left parts

A

Nasal septum

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2
Q

Bony ridges on the lateral walls of the nasal cavity

A

Conchae

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2
Q

Air-filled spaces within bones that connect to the nasal cavity;
reduce skull weight and act as resonating chambers

A

Paranasal sinuses

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2
Q

Brings tears from the eyes into the nasal cavity

A

Nasolacrimal duct

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3
Q

Produces mucus that traps debris in the air; moves mucus to the pharynx

A

Epithelium

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4
Q

The superior part of the pharynx

A

Nasopharynx

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5
Q

These two structures prevent swallowed materials from
entering the nasopharynx

A

Soft palate and Uvula

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6
Q

The auditory tubes open into this part of the pharynx

A

Nasopharynx

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7
Q

Extends from the uvula to the epiglottis; the oral cavity opens
into it

A

Oropharynx

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8
Q

Connects to the esophagus

A

Laryngopharynx

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9
Q

Largest, unpaired cartilage of the larynx; the Adam’s apple

A

Thyroid cartilage

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10
Q

Unpaired cartilage; covers opening into larynx during
swallowing

A

Epiglottis

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11
Q

Three paired cartilages

A
  1. Arytenoid cartilage
  2. Corniculate cartilag
  3. Cuneiform cartilage
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12
Q

Ligaments that close together to prevent materials from
entering the larynx

A

Vestibular folds

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13
Q

Vibrate to produce sound; the true vocal cords

A

Vocal folds

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14
Q

Extends from the larynx and divides to form two tubes;
supported by C-shaped cartilages.

A

Trachea

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15
Q

During swallowing, the esophagus pushes into this tube

A

Trachea

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16
Q

Tubes that supply each lung

A

Primary bronchi

17
Q

Parts of the lung separated by deep fissures on the surface of
the lungs

18
Q

Sections of lung separated by connective tissue but not visible
as surface fissures.

A

Bronchopulmonary segments

19
Q

Tubes that supply the lobes of the lungs

A

Secondary bronchi

20
Q

Tubes that supply the bronchopulmonary segments.

A

Tertiary bronchi

21
Q

Tubes that supply the respiratory bronchioles.

A

Terminal bronchioles

22
Tubes formed by the subdivision of the respiratory bronchioles
Alveolar ducts
23
Place where most gas exchange takes place (some exchange takes place in the alveolar ducts and respiratory bronchioles)
Alveoli
24
Cavity that contains the lungs and the pleural cavities
Thoracic cavity
25
Cavity formed by membranes; surround the lungs
Pleural cavity
26
The part of the pleural membrane that is in contact with the lungs
Visceral pleura
27
The pleural cavity contains a thin film of this substance which acts as a lubricant
Pleural fluid
28
Located deep to the visceral pleura
Superficial lymphatic vessels
29
Follows the bronchi, but does not supply alveoli
Deep lymphatic vessels
29
Includes the diaphragm and muscles that elevate the ribs and sternum
Muscles of inspiration
30
Responsible for most of the change in thoracic volume during breathing
Diaphragm
31
Muscles that depress the ribs and sternum
Muscles of expiration
32
Expiration during quite breathing occurs when these muscles relax and the elastic recoil of the thorax and lungs decreases thoracic volume
Muscles of inspiration
33
Two factors that cause the lungs to recoil.
Surface tension of alveolar Elastic fibers
34
A mixture of lipoproteins produced by the epithelium of the alveoli; reduces surface tension
Surfactant
35
Two factors that keep the lungs from collapsing.
Surfactant Pleural pressure
36
Examples are tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, and residual volume
Pulmonary volumes
37
Volume of air inspired or expired by quiet breathing.
Tidal volume
38
Volume of air in lungs after maximum expiration
Residual volume
39
Sum of two or more pulmonary volume
Pulmonary capacity
40
Sum of the inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and expiratory reserve volume
Vital capacity
41
After a person inspires maximally, the rate at which lung volume changes when he exhales maximally and as rapidly as possible.
Forced expiratory vital capacity
42
Volume of respiratory passageways in which no gas exchange between air and blood occurs
Dead space
43
The pressure exerted by a gas in a mixture of gases.
Partial pressure