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ANP 101 > Chap 4: Tissues > Flashcards

Chap 4: Tissues Flashcards

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1
Q

a group of similar cells

A

Tissues

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2
Q

is the microscopic study of tissue structure

A

Histology

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3
Q

provides a covering (skin,
the linings of the various passages inside the
body)

A

Epithelial Tissue

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4
Q

supports other tissues
and binds them together (bone, blood, and
lymph tissues)

A

Connective Tissue

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5
Q

includes striated (also called voluntary) muscles that move the skeleton, and smooth muscle, such as the muscles that surround the stomach

A

Muscle Tissue

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6
Q

is made up of nerve cells
(neurons) and is used to carry “messages” to
and from various parts of the body

A

Nervous Tissue

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7
Q

areas where the membranes of
two adjacent cells join together to form a
barrier; it regulates the flow of solutes and
liquids according to their charge and size

A

Tight Junction

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8
Q

Covers internal and external surfaces

A

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

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9
Q

binds cells to the
basement membrane

A

Hemidesmosomes

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9
Q

mechanically binds the cells
together; contain protein filaments that serve as
carrier molecules

A

Desmosomes

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10
Q

allow for the transfer of low
molecular-weight substances, ions, and
electrical signals between adjacent cells

A

Gap Junction

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10
Q

● 2 or more layers usually

A

Stratified

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10
Q

help the tight junctions anchor
the epithelial cells to each other

A

Adhesion belts

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11
Q

Main characteristic is
the square cuboidal
shape

A

Cuboidal

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11
Q

● 1 Layer
● Separate lines

A

Simple

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12
Q

Flat or squashed
appearance of nuclei

A

Squamous

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12
Q

Rectangular cell
appearance

A

Columnar

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13
Q

Rounded ends of cell
layering similar to
stratified

A

Transitional

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14
Q

Single layer of flat hexagonal cell.

A

SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

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14
Q

Single layer of tall, thin cells

A

SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

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14
Q

Single layer of cube-like cells

A

SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

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14
Q

Single layer of tall cells - while some cells reach the
free surface, other do not, making it appear
stratified

A

PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

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15
Q

Several layers of cells that are cuboidal in the basal
layer and progressively flattened toward the surface

A

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

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16
Q

Special type of stratified epithelium that can stretch

A

TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM

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16
Q

Several layers of cuboidal epithelial cells

A

STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

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17
Q

More than one layer of epithelial cells, but only the
surface cells are columnar; deeper layer cells are
irregular or cuboidal in shape

A

STRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

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18
Q

create the matrix

A

Blasts

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18
Q

A diverse primary tissue type that makes up part of
every organ in the body

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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19
Q

break it down

A

Clasts

19
Q

maintain the matrix

A

Cytes

20
Q

WBCs capable of
ingesting foreign
substances

A

Macrophages

21
Q

releases
chemicals like
histamine that
promotes
inflammation

A

Mast cells

22
Q

Shapeless background which holds the cells and
protein fibers

A

GROUND SUBSTANCE

23
Q

large molecules that consist of
a protein core attached to many long
polysaccharides

A

Proteoglycans

24
Q

Consists of relatively
few protein fibers that
form a lacy network

A

Loose

25
Q

Has a relatively large
number of protein
fibers that form thick
bundles and dill
nearly all of the
extracellular space

A

Dense Connective

26
Q

Composed of
chondrocytes located
in spaces called
lacunae within an
extensive matrix

A

Cartilage

27
Q

Hard Tissue

A

Cartilage

28
Q

Liquid matrix

A

Blood

29
Q

Matrix with mostly collagen and a few elastic fibers

A

AREOLAR (LOOSE) TISSUE

30
Q

Consists of adipocytes, or fat cells, which contain
large amounts of lipids for energy storage

A

ADIPOSE (LOOSE) TISSUE

31
Q

Network of interlacing reticular fibers and reticular
cells that are loosely arranged

A

RETICULAR (LOOSE) TISSUE

32
Q

capable of stretching and recoiling like a rubber
band with strength in the direction of fiber
orientation

A

Dense Regular Elastic Connective Tissue

33
Q

Matrix consisting mostly of collagen fibers which
may be arranged in the same direction (dense
regular) or in many different directions (dense
irregular

A

DENSE COLLAGENOUS TISSUE

34
Q

fibers running the same direction; can
withstand great pulling forces exerted in the
direction of fiber orientation

A

Dense Regular Collagenous Connective Tissue

35
Q

Most abundant type

A

HYALINE CARTILAGE

35
Q

Has more collagen than hyaline cartilage

A

FIBROCARTILAGE

35
Q

Has abundant elastic fibers among its collagen
fibers

A

DENSE ELASTIC TISSUE

36
Q

Contains elastic fibers in addition to collagen and
proteoglycans

A

ELASTIC CARTILAGE

37
Q

has spaces between
trabeculae, or plates of the bone and therefore
resembles a sponge

A

Spongy bone

37
Q

Hard tissue with living cells and mineralized matrix

A

BONE

38
Q

more solid, with almost no
space between many thin layers of mineralized
matrix

A

Compact bone

39
Q

Liquid matrix, enabling blood cells and platelets,
collectively called formed elements to move through
blood vessels

A

BLOOD

40
Q

Produces motion by shortening or contraction

A

MUSCLE TISSUE

41
Q

Voluntary muscle and enables body movement.

A

SKELETAL MUSCLE

42
Q

contain specialized gap
junctions; are important in coordinating the
transitions of the cardiac muscle cells

A

Intercalated disks

43
Q

Forms the walls of hollow organs

A

SMOOTH MUSCLE

43
Q

Specialized tissue for the heart

A

CARDIAC MUSCLE

44
Q

Forms the brain, spinal brain, and nerves

A

NERVOUS TISSUE

45
Q

sends electrical signals; the
functional unit of the nervous system

A

Neurons

45
Q

contains the nucleus and is the site of general cell function

A

Cell Body

46
Q

usually receive stimuli that lead to electrical changes

A

Dendrite

46
Q

supports and protects the neurons
because they are not regenerative

A

Neuroglia

46
Q

PARTS OF THE NEURON

A
  1. Cell body
  2. Dendrites
  3. Axon
  4. Glial cells
47
Q

Conduct electrical signals that originate
from the base of an axon where it joins the cell
body and travel to the end of the axon

A

Axons

48
Q

support cells of the nervous
system; nourish, protect, and insulate the
neurons

A

Glial Cells

48
Q

Lines cavities that do not open directly to the exterior and covers organs that lie within these cavities.

A

SEROUS MEMBRANE

49
Q

Thin sheets or layers of tissues that cover structure
or line cavities

A

TISSUE MEMBRANES

50
Q

Lines cavities that open to the outside of the body.

A

MUCOUS MEMBRANE

51
Q

found in between joints
to reduce friction and allowing smooth movement within the joint

A

Synovial Membrane

52
Q

protects the blood vessels that
pass through the bones

A

Periosteum

ANP 101 (25 decks)

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