Ch25 - Terms Flashcards
What is a form of socialism that is similar to Communism in that it exercises totalitarian control of political, economic, cultural, religious, and social activities?
Fascism
What is a form of socialism that relies more heavily on terrorist aggression, fanatical racism, and antidemocratic nationalism than Fascism?
Nazism
What was the name of Hitler’s autobiography?
Mein Kampf
What was the name Hitler called himself and means “the leader?”
Der Fuhrer
What is the name for Hitler’s Nazi government?
Third Reich
What was the Chinese government under Chiang Kai-shek called?
National Chinese
What was Mao Tse-tung’s revolt against Chiang Kai-shek’ national government called?
Communist Chinese
What was the treaty between Germany, Italy, and Japan called?
Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis
What was the forced union of Germany and Austria called?
Anschluss
What was the agreement endorsed by Britain and France that dismembered Czechoslovakia and gave the Sudetenland to Germany?
Munich Pact
What is appeasement?
Either giving in to the demands of aggressor nations or taking no action when the aggressors attack weaker countries.
What is the Siegfried Line?
The German fortification in the west built to oppose the French Maginot Line.
What is the Maginot Line?
The French fortification built to oppose German aggression.
What is the Nazi-Soviet Pact?
A nonaggression pact between Hitler and Stalin signed in August 1939.
What secret agreement did the Nazi-Soviet Pact include?
A secret agreement to invade Poland and divide the land between them.
What does “blitzkrieg” mean?
“Lightning War” - a German term for fast, heavy assault by motorized forces and air power.
What does “sitzkreig” mean?
“Sitting down War” - a German term used to describe the first seven months of war because there were no major battles in Western Europe.
What was the Royal Air Force?
The British Royal air Force (RAF)
What was Hitler’s plan to invade and conquer Great Britain?
Operation Sea Lion
What was the “Luftwaffe”?
German’s air force
What was Hitler’s battle against Britain called?
Battle of Britain
Was was an invention first used by the RAF in WWII to turn the tables against the Luftwaffe?
RADAR
What was the “Afrika Korps”?
The group that reconquered the territory lost by the Italians in North Africa. It was defeated by the Allies in Operation Torch.
Who commanded the “Afrika Korps?
It was commanded by Nazi Field Marshal Erwin Rommel.
What act of the US Congress continued terms of earlier legislation and adopted the important “cash and carry” principle?
Neutrality Act of 1937
What measure passed by the US Congress granted the President sweeping powers to sell, lease, lend, or otherwise depose of war materials to any nation whose defense he felt to be vita to American security/
Lending Lease Act
What was the “Panay”?
An American gunboat on the Yangtze River that was bombed by Japanese airmen.
What was Operation Torch?
The Allied invasion of Vichy French North Africa under the command of American generals Eisenhower and Patton that secured the region for the Allies.
What are the “Nisei”?
“Second Generation”
Japanese-American soldiers who displayed unflinching devotion, patriotism, and courage in their service for the US.
What was the last great Nazi offensive in the West?
Battle of the Bulge
What was the Bataan Death March?
The forced march of American prisoners from Bataan and Corregidor to prison camps 70 miles away.
What battle enabled the Japanese to complete their conquest of the East Indies?
Battle of the Java Sea
What battle was the turning point of the war?
Battle of Midway
What was important about the Battle of Midway?
The US Navy broke the back of the Japanese fleet by sinking four Japanese heavy carriers as well as a heavy cruiser.
What is “island hopping”?
The Allies strategy whereby only the most important islands would be assaulted in order to establish air and naval bases for the drive to Japan.
In what battle was the Japanese navy’s desperate but failed attempt to stop the invasion of Saipan?
Battle of the Philippine Sea
What was one of the greatest naval battles in history in which the Japanese lost almost all of their remaining ships and planes?
Battle of Leyte Gulf
What are kamikazes?
Japanese suicide planes loaded with explosives.
What was the Potsdam Declaration?
The declaration by President Truman, Prime Minister Atlee, and Chiang Kai-shek that called upon the Japanese to surrender unconditionally and to withdraw to the home islands.
What was a powerful new weapon used to end the war with Japan?
the Atomic bomb
What was the largest research and scientific effort of its day and in it’s effort developed the atomic bomb.
The Manhattan Project
What was an elite corps of extremely fanatical Nazis called?
SS
What was the Nazi secret police?
Gestapo
What was a statement by the United States and Great Britain that declared their common war aims?
Atlantic Charter
What utopian document urged the nations of the world to abandon their use of force and to work together for world peace?
United Nations
What is the name of the permanent world peace organization that replaced the failed League of Nations?
United Nations
What are two definitions of “United Nations”?
- A utopian document which urged the nations of the world to abandon their use of force and to work together for world peace?
- The name of the permanent world peace organization that replaced the failed League of Nations?
