Ch16 - Terms

Question 1

What was a name given to scientists before 1840?

Answer 1

natural philosopher

Question 2

What word means that planets revolve around the sun?

Answer 2

heliocentric

Question 3

What word means that the earth is motionless and everything else moves?

Answer 3

geocentric

Question 4

What laws explain the movement of the planets in their orbits and who discovered it?

Answer 4

The laws of planetary motion; Kepler in 1609

Question 5

What law states the speed of a body falling in a vacuum, regardless of weight, accelerates uniformly with time and who discovered it?

Answer 5

The law of uniform acceleration; Galileo

Question 6

What law explains the relationship between the time it takes a freely swinging mass to travel in its arc and the distance between the mass and its connecting point and who discovered it?

Answer 6

The law of the pendulum; Galileo

Question 7

What book was written by Isaac Newton and was considered by authorities to be “the foundational stone of modern thought:?

Answer 7

Principia

Question 8

What book written by Isaac Newton was about the nature of light?

Answer 8

Opticks

Question 9

What law states that every particle of matter in the universe attracts every other particle of matter with a force directly proportional to its quantity of matter, decreasing as the distance increases and who discovered it?

Answer 9

Universal law of gravitation; Newton

Question 10

What law explained the concepts of inertia, acceleration’s relationship to physical force, and actions and reactions to force and who discovered it?

Answer 10

Laws of motion; Newton

Question 11

What group was led by John Wilkins, met regularly in London to conduct experiments and discuss scientific theories?

Answer 11

Philosophical College

Question 12

What was founded in London under the Leadership of John Wilkins and was the first permanent scientific society of the Modern age?

Answer 12

Royal Society

Question 13

What was founded in 1666 and was supported largely by the Protestant Huguenots and the Jansenists?

Answer 13

French Academy of Science

Question 14

What is the word that describes “a work for all people of all ages” or “a work of superior excellence that has stood the test of time”?

Answer 14

classic

Question 15

What is the best known choral piece in the world and who wrote it?

Answer 15

“Hallelujah Chorus” from The Messiah; Handel