Ch24-Terms Flashcards
What is liberalism?
The desire to be free from absolute standards and morals, especially those of the Scriptures.
What is a liberal?
Someone who desires freedom from something or freedom to do something.
What is conservatism?
The principle of practice of conserving (preserving) established traditions or institutions and opposing changes in them.
What is Pseudoscience?
Several false philosophies mistakenly based on scientific fact.
What is positivism?
Founded by August Comte.
False philosophy which states that nothing can be known except observable scientific “Facts”; an idea similar to the older philosophy of empiricism.
What is sociology?
A term coined by Comte for his new “science” of human society.
What is psychoanalysis?
developed by Sigmund Freud
Teaches that subconscious physical drives or irrational fears determine a man’s actions
What is behavioral psychology?
developed separately by Pavlov, Watson, and Skinner
Denies man’s sinful nature by reducing man to the status of an animal or a machine.
What is pragmatism?
Popularized by William James.
Philosophy that an idea or action should be judged solely by its results, regardless of any moral or scriptural considerations.
What is existentialism?
Developed by Soren Kierkengaard.
An “anti-philosophy” which claims that there is no truth or reality.
Forces man to make his own meaning in an absurd world.
What is progressive education?
Education that abandons the teaching or moral absolutes and encourages a permissive atmosphere in the classroom; allows children to “follow their animal instincts” and to practice “self-expression”
What is traditional education?
Education that emphasizes the transfer of the knowledge and wisdom of previous generations and the training of the individual to use his abilities for the glory of God and for the edification of his fellow man.
What is secularism?
The belief that matters of morality should be based on considerations of the well-being of mankind in this present life, to the exclusion of all other considerations.
What is humanism?
The dependence upon man’s reasoning and feelings alone, with no respect for God’s authority; ultimately, the worship of man.
What document written by a group of humanists in 1933 expressed, point by point, the “faith” of humanism?
The Humanist Manifesto
What document was published 40 years after Humanist Manifesto I; called for a one-world order.
Human Manifesto II
What is modernism?
Religious liberalism.
Advocates “higher criticism” of Scripture and refuses to take the Bible literally.
Believes the Word of God to be little more than a collection of myths and believes man was the highest project of evolution and is naturally good.
What is social gospel?
The message of modernist who said that the church’s mission was one of social reform and political action.
What is ecumenism?
The outward union of all churches, denominations, and sects into one organization regardless of doctrinal differences.
What are Fundamentalists?
The name for Christians who remained faithful to Gods Word.
Derived from the “The Fundamentals” an influential series of scholarly essays.
In what revival begun in Wales by evangelists Seth Joshua and Evan Roberts did approx. 100,000 people come to Christ?
The Welsh Revival
What is impressionism?
Art that was influenced by empiricism and positivism.
An attempt to capture momentary, fleeting “impressions” received by the physical senses.
What is cubism?
Art that emphasized random geometric forms and perspective, hoping to create a new “reality” in the viewer’s mind.
What is abstract art?
“Art for art’s sake”
Sought to express subjective thoughts and feelings in a chaotic arrangement of shapes and colors.
What pact was the most ambitious attempt at achieving permanent international peace during the 1920s.
Paris Peace Pact
It renounced war as a means of settling international disputes.
What is inflation?
An excess of money in circulation which causes the value of money to go down and prices to go up.
What central banking system controls the United States money supply under the auspices of the federal government?
The Federal Reserve System
What are stocks?
Investments or shares in some industrial or commercial company.
What is speculation?
Risky investments for the chance of making a quick profit.
What was an economic disaster that his America in 1929 and plunged the world into an economic depression which lasted until 1939?
The Great Depression.
