Ch 1 - Intro to A&P Flashcards
What is the study of anatomy?
The study of form and structure
What is the study of physiology?
The study of functions
What is microscopic anatomy?
Anatomy seen with a microscope, including cells and tissues
What is macroscopic (gross) anatomy?
Anatomy seen with the unaided eye, including organs, muscles, and bones
What is regional anatomy?
Study of individual regions of the body, such as neck or abdomen
What is systemic anatomy?
Study of individual systems of the body, such as the skeletal or cardiovascular system
What are the anatomical planes of reference?
Sagittal plane, median plane, transverse plane, dorsal plane
What is the ventro-dorsal (VD) view?
A radiographic positioning terminology
What is the dorso-ventral (DV) view?
A radiographic positioning terminology
What are the directional terms used in anatomy?
Right, left, cranial, caudal, rostral, dorsal, ventral, medial, lateral, superficial, deep, proximal, distal, palmar, plantar
Fill in the blank: The left and right halves of an animal’s body are essentially mirror images of each other, known as _______.
Bilateral symmetry
What are the major body cavities?
Dorsal cavity, ventral cavity
What structures are found in the cranial cavity?
Central nervous system structures
What structures are found in the spinal cavity?
Spinal cord
What is the thoracic cavity’s major structures?
Heart, major blood vessels, lungs, esophagus
What is the abdominal cavity’s major structures?
Digestive organs, urinary organs, reproductive organs
What is pleuritis?
Inflammation of the pleura in the thoracic cavity
What is peritonitis?
Inflammation of the peritoneum in the abdominal cavity
What are the levels of organization in the body?
Cells, tissues, organs, systems
What is the basic unit of life?
Cell
What are the four types of tissue?
- Epithelial tissue
- Connective tissue
- Muscle tissue
- Nervous tissue
What is an organ?
Groups of tissues that work together
What is a system in terms of body organization?
Groups of organs involved in common activities
True or False: Health is a state of normal anatomy and physiology.
True
What is homeostasis?
Maintenance of dynamic equilibrium in the body
What does homeostasis ensure?
Balance in the structures, functions, and properties of the body
Fill in the blank: The _______ system is responsible for the fight-or-flight response.
Fight-or-flight
What is the role of adipose tissue?
Stores energy and provides insulation
What is the function of epithelial tissue?
Covers and lines surfaces
What does connective tissue do?
Supports and binds other tissues
What is the function of muscle tissue?
Facilitates movement
What is the role of nervous tissue?
Transmits impulses
What is the significance of the anatomical planes?
They provide a reference for describing the locations of structures
What is the difference between proximal and distal?
Proximal means closer to the trunk, distal means farther from the trunk
What does the term ‘ventral’ refer to?
The front or belly side of the body
What does the term ‘dorsal’ refer to?
The back side of the body
Fill in the blank: The _______ layer lines the abdominal cavity.
Parietal
