Bones 1a

Question 1

What are articular surfaces?

Answer 1

Areas where bones meet to form joints

Articular surfaces are crucial for joint movement and stability.

Question 2

What are condyles?

Answer 2

Large and round surfaces at the distal end of the humerus and femur

Condyles help in forming joints by articulating with other bones.

Question 3

What is the function of heads in bones?

Answer 3

Spherical surfaces at the proximal end of a long bone that joins the shaft of the bone by a neck

Examples include the proximal end of the femur, humerus, and ribs.

Question 4

Define facet in relation to bone structure.

Answer 4

Flat surfaces found on carpals, tarsals, vertebrae, radius, and ulna

Facets are important for the articulation between bones.

Question 5

What are processes in bone anatomy?

Answer 5

Specific functions where tendons and muscles attach, such as condyles and heads

Examples include trochanter (femur), tuber (ischium), crest (tibia), spine (scapula), and wing (atlas).

Question 6

What is a foramen?

Answer 6

A hole in a bone that allows vessels and nerves to pass through

Foramina are important for the passage of crucial anatomical structures.

Question 7

List the order of vertebrae in the vertebral column.

Answer 7

• Cervical - neck
• Thoracic - chest
• Lumbar - abdomen
• Sacral - pelvis
• Coccygeal - tail

Each region has distinct characteristics and functions.

Question 8

What is the function of C1 (Atlas) vertebra?

Answer 8

Permits up and down motion of the head

The atlas supports the skull and allows for nodding.

Question 9

What is the role of C2 (Axis) vertebra?

Answer 9

Permits rotational movement of the skull

The axis allows the head to turn side to side.

Question 10

What are demifacets?

Answer 10

Sites where the head of the rib articulates with the thoracic vertebrae

Demifacets play a critical role in rib attachment and movement.

Question 11

What are pleuropophysis?

Answer 11

Transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae

These structures are important for muscle attachment and spinal stability.

Question 12

What should you know about the sacrum?

Answer 12

Identify the sacrum with the pelvis and apart

The sacrum is a triangular bone at the base of the vertebral column.

Question 13

What do caudal vertebrae refer to?

Answer 13

Tail vertebrae also known as coccygeal vertebrae

These vertebrae are the most distal in the vertebral column.

Question 14

What is the hyoid bone?

Answer 14

A bone that does not articulate with any other bone

It supports the tongue and is involved in swallowing.