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Vet Tech A&P 1 > Ch 1 > Flashcards

Ch 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Deals with the form and structure of the body and its parts - what things look like and where they are located.

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

Deals with the functions of the body and its parts - how things work and what they do.

A

Physiology

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3
Q

Deals with structures so small we need a microscope to see them clearly, such as cells and tissues.

A

Microscopic anatomy/histology

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4
Q

Deals with body parts large enough to be seen with the unaided eye, such as organs, muscles, and bones.

A

Macroscopic anatomy/gross anatomy

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5
Q

The study of individual regions of the body.

A

Regional anatomy

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6
Q

The study of individual systems of the body. Deals with the systems of the body such as the nervous system and the skeletal system, as separate topics.

A

Systematic anatomy

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7
Q

Planes of reference:
A plane that runs the length of the body and divides it into left and right parts that are not necessarily equal halves.

A

Sagittal plane

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8
Q

Planes of reference:
A special kind of sagittal plane that runs down the center of the body lengthwise and divides it into equal left and right halves. It could also be called a midsagittal plane, but that term is not commonly used.

A

Median plane

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9
Q

Planes of reference:
A plane across the body that divides it into cranial (head-end) and caudal (tail-end) parts that are not necessarily equal.

A

Transverse plane

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10
Q

Planes of reference:
A plane at right angles to the sagittal and transverse planes. It divides the body into dorsal (toward the animal’s back) and ventral (toward the belly) parts that are not necessarily equal.

A

Dorsal plane
In humans this is known as the frontal plane

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11
Q

Main Body Systems:
Bones and joints

A

Skeletal

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12
Q

Main Body Systems:
Skin, hair, nails, and hooves

A

Integumentary

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13
Q

Main Body Systems:
Central nervous system and peripheral nerves

A

Nervous

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14
Q

Main Body Systems:
Heart and blood vessels

A

Cardiovascular

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15
Q

Main Body Systems:
Lungs and air passageways

A

Respiratory

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16
Q

Main Body Systems:
Gastrointestinal tube and accessory digestive organs

A

Digestive

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17
Q

Main Body Systems:
Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle

A

Muscular

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18
Q

Main Body Systems:
Organs of general and special sense

A

Sensory

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19
Q

Main Body Systems:
Endocrine glands and hormones

A

Endocrine

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20
Q

Main Body Systems:
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

A

Urinary

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21
Q

Main Body Systems:
Male and female reproductive structures

A

Reproductive

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22
Q

Directional Terms:
Individual’s left

A

Animal = left
Human = left

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23
Q

Directional Terms:
Individual’s right

A

Animal = right
Human = right

24
Q

Directional Terms:
Toward the head end of the body

A

Animal = cranial
Human = superior

25
Q

Directional Terms:
Toward the tip of the nose (head only)

A

Animal = rostral
Human = Nasal

26
Q

Directional Terms:
Toward the tail end of the body

A

Animal = caudal
Human = inferior

27
Q

Directional Terms:
Toward the back

A

Animal = dorsal (up)
Human = posterior

28
Q

Directional Terms:
Toward the belly

A

Animal = ventral (down)
Human = anterior

29
Q

Directional Terms:
Toward the median plane

A

Animal = medial
Human = medial

30
Q

Directional Terms:
Away from the median plane

A

Animal = lateral
Human = lateral

31
Q

Directional Terms:
Toward the center (whole body or part)

A

Animal = deep (internal)
Human = deep (internal)

32
Q

Directional Terms:
Toward the service (whole body or part)

A

Animal = superficial (external)
Human = superficial (external)

33
Q

Directional Terms:
Toward the body (extremity)

A

Animal = proximal
Human = proximal

34
Q

Directional Terms:
Away from the body (extremity)

A

Animal = distal
Human = distal

35
Q

Directional Terms:
“Back” of forelimb from carpus (equivalent to a human wrist) distally

A

Animal = palmer
Human = palmer

36
Q

Directional Terms:
“Back” of hindlimb from tarsus (equivalent to a human ankle) distally

A

Animal = plantar
Human = plantar

37
Q

Directional Terms:
“Front” of forelimb and hindlimb from carpus and tarsus distally

A

Animal = dorsal
Human = anterior

38
Q

Common Regional Terms:
Trunk of the body - formed by the rib cage and the abdomen

A

Barrel

39
Q

Common Regional Terms:
Area at the base of the neck btwn the front legs that covers the cranial end of the sternum

A

Brisket

40
Q

Common Regional Terms:
Large metacarpal or metatarsal bone of hoofed animals

A

Cannon

41
Q

Common Regional Terms:
Joint btwn cannon bone (large metacarpal/metatarsal) and the proximal phalanx of hoofed animals

A

Fetlock

42
Q

Common Regional Terms:
Lateral surface of the abdomen btwn the last rib and the hind legs

A

Flank

43
Q

Common Regional Terms:
Tarsus

A

Hock

44
Q

Common Regional Terms:
Carpus of hoofed animals

A

Knee (not the true knee)

45
Q

Common Regional Terms:
Rostral part of the face formed mainly by the maxillary and nasal bones

A

Muzzle

46
Q

Common Regional Terms:
Area of the proximal phalanx of hoofed animals

A

Pastern

47
Q

Common Regional Terms:
Top of the head btwn the bases of the ears

A

Poll

48
Q

Common Regional Terms:
Femorotibial/femoropatellar joint - equivalent to human knee

A

Stifle (true knee)

49
Q

Common Regional Terms:
Dorsal part of the base of the tail

A

Tailhead

50
Q

Common Regional Terms:
Area dorsal to scapulas

A

Withers

51
Q

General Plan of the Animal Body:
Means that the left and right halves of an animal’s body are essentially mirror images of each other. Paired structures, such as the kidneys, lungs, and legs, are approximately mirror images.

A

Bilateral Symmetry

52
Q

General Plan of the Animal Body:
Found near the center of the body, near the median plane. Structures such as the brain, the heart, and the GI tract.

A

Single Structures

53
Q

Body Cavity:
Contains the brain and spinal cord: that is the central nervous system. The cranial cavity (cranium) and the spinal cavity (spinal canal).

A

Dorsal Body Cavity

54
Q

Body Cavity:
Large than the dorsal cavity. Contains most of the soft organs (viscera) of the body. Divided by the diaphragm muscle into the cranial thoracic cavity (thorax/chest) and the caudal abdominal cavity. Major structures in this cavity are the heart, lungs, esophagus, and major blood vessels.

A

Ventral Body Cavity

55
Q

Body Cavity:
All of the organs in the thoracic cavity are covered by a thin membrane called the

A

Pleura

56
Q

Body Cavity:
The layer that covers the organs is called the

A

Visceral layer of pleura
Viscera (the organs)

57
Q

Body Cavity:
The layer that lines the whole thoracic cavity is called the

A

Parietal layer of pleura

Vet Tech A&P 1 (6 decks)

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