Ch 1 Intro A&P Flashcards
What does anatomy deal with?
The form and structure of the body and its parts
What is pathology concerned with?
The functions of the body and its parts
What is microscopic anatomy also known as?
Histology
What does macroscopic anatomy focus on?
Body parts large enough to be seen with the unaided eye
What is regional anatomy?
Examination of individual regions of the body
Define systemic anatomy.
Study of individual systems of the body
What is the sagittal plane?
A plane that divides the body into left and right parts
What distinguishes the median plane from the sagittal plane?
It divides the body into equal left and right halves
What does the transverse plane divide?
The body into cranial and caudal parts
What does the dorsal plane divide?
The body into dorsal and ventral parts
The xiphoid process is located at the _______ end of the sternum.
Caudal
In human anatomy, what does ‘superior’ refer to?
Toward the head
What does ‘caudal’ mean?
Toward the tail
What does ‘rostal’ refer to?
Toward the tip of the nose
Dorsal and ventral refer to _______ directions in a standing position.
Up and down
What does ‘deep’ mean in anatomical terms?
Toward the center of the body
What does ‘superficial’ mean?
Toward the surface of the body
Proximal means _______ from the body.
Toward
Distal means _______ from the body.
Away
What is bilateral symmetry?
Left and right halves of an animal’s body are mirror images
What are the two main cavities of the animal body?
Dorsal cavity and ventral cavity
What does the dorsal body cavity contain?
The brain and spinal cord
What is the function of the pleura in the thoracic cavity?
Covers the organs and lines the cavity
What does the abdominal cavity contain?
Digestive, urinary, and reproductive organs
Cells are the basic _______ of animal life.
Functional units
What are the four basic types of tissues in the animal body?
- Epithelial tissue
- Connective tissue
- Muscle tissue
- Nervous tissue
What is the primary function of epithelial tissue?
Cover body surfaces, secrete, and absorb materials
What does connective tissue do?
Holds the body together and provides support
List the three types of muscle tissue.
- Skeletal muscle
- Cardiac muscle
- Smooth muscle
What is the function of nervous tissue?
Transmits information and controls body functions
What is an organ?
A group of tissues working together for a common purpose
What are systems in the context of body organization?
Groups of organs involved in common activities
How is health defined in relation to anatomy and physiology?
A state of normal anatomy and physiology
Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of _______ in the body.
Dynamic equilibrium
What does homeostasis require from the body?
Involvement of all body systems
How does the analogy of driving a car relate to homeostasis?
Involves monitoring and adjusting conditions to maintain function
