Biopsychology

Question 1

The nervous system

Answer 1

Biological information highway responsible for controlling all the biological processes and movement in the body

Question 2

Central nervous system

Answer 2

Centre of the nervous system, consists of brain and spinal cord
Responsible for receiving and interpreting signals from the peripheral nervous system and also send out signals via nerves

Question 3

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 3

Made up of neurons including sensory, motor and relay neurons
The peripheral nervous system is divided into the somatic and autonomic nervous system

Question 4

Somatic nervous system

Answer 4

Controls muscle movement and receives messages from the sensory receptors

Question 5

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 5

Governs all vital bodily functions such as breathing, heart rate and digestion
Further broken down into sympathetic and parasympathetic systems

Question 6

Sympathetic system

Answer 6

Involved in responses to help us deal with emergencies, releasing energy
Often called ‘fight or flight’ response. Increasing heart rate or blood pressure, pupils may dilate and hair stands up

Question 7

Parasympathetic system

Answer 7

Relaxes a person once the emergency has passed. Slows heart rate down and reduces blood pressure often called rest and digest

Question 8

Nerves/ neurons

Answer 8

Receive information and transmit it to other cells

Question 9

Sensory Neurons

Answer 9

Pick up information from the environment

Question 10

Motor neurons

Answer 10

Transmit signals from the brain helping muscles function

Question 11

Relay neurons

Answer 11

Connect sensory and motor neurons, they send messages to where they need to go

Question 12

Synaptic transmission

Answer 12

The process of neurons communicating with each other and transmitting messages from one neuron to the next

Question 13

Outline the process of synaptic transmission

Answer 13

Neurotransmitters are Carried in synaptic vesicles when electrical signals are released at the presynaptic terminal it triggers the release of the neurotransmitters.
The neurotransmitters then diffuse across the synapse to the next Neuton which is the postsynaptic receptor site

Question 14

Neurotransmitters have what effect on the next neuron

Answer 14

Excitatory or inhibitory

Question 15

Excitation

Answer 15

When a neurotransmitter increase the positive charge of the postsynaptic neuron and increases the likelihood that the neuron will fire and continue to send a signal

Question 16

Inhibitory

Answer 16

Increases the negative charge of the postsynaptic neuron and decrease the likelihood that the neuron will fire and continue to send a signal

Question 17

Adrenaline causes

Answer 17

Excitation

Question 18

Serotonin causes

Answer 18

Inhibition

Question 19

The endocrine system

Answer 19

Works along side the nervous system to control all vital bodily functions

Question 20

How the endocrine system works

Answer 20

Works much slower then the nervous system but has very powerful effects .
Had a series of glands which release the chemicals known as hormones, the major gland is the pituitary gland

Question 21

Pituitary gland

Answer 21

Sometimes known as the master gland. Controls the release of hormones from all other glands in the body

Question 22

Adrenal gland

Answer 22

An important part of the fight or flight response as it facilitates the release of adrenaline

Question 23

Testes

Answer 23

Sex hormone, they facilitate the release of testosterone

Question 24

Ovaries

Answer 24

Sex hormone, they facilitate the release of oestrogen and progesterone