BIOL G220L: Ch. 11 & 12 (A, O, I) Flashcards
A/O/I from axial skeleton muscles (Ch. 11) and appendicular skeleton muscles (Ch. 12)
pectoralis minor action (2)
protracts and depresses scapula
serratus anterior A/O/I (3)
A: agonist in scapula protection
superiorly rotates scapula
stabilizes scapula
O: Ribs 1-8
I: Medial border of scapula
levator scapulae action (2)
elevates scapula
inferiorly rotates scapula
rhomboid major action (3)
elevates scapula
adducts scapula
inferiorly rotates scapula
rhomboid minor action (3)
elevates scapula
adducts scapula
inferiorly rotates scapula
trapezius action (3)
superior fibers: elevate and superiorly rotate scapula
middle fibers: retract scapula
inferior fibers: depress scapula
latissimus dorsi A/O/I (3)
A: agonist of arm extension
adducts arm
medially rotates arm
O: Spinous process T1-T12
I: Intertubercular groove (humerus)
pectoralis major A/O/I (3)
A:agonist of arm flexion
adducts arm
medially rotates arm
O: Clavicle - Rib 6
I: Intertubercular groove (humerus)
deltoid A/O/I (3)
A: anterior fibers: flex and medially rotate arm
middle fibers: agonist of arm abduction
posterior fibers: extend and laterally rotate arm
O: Acromion process and scapula spine
I: Deltoid tuberosity (humerus)
teres major action (3)
extends, adducts, medially rotates arm
triceps brachii (long head) A/O/I (2)
A: extends and adducts arm
O: scapula and posterior proximal humerus
I: Olecranon process (ulna)
biceps brachii A/O/I
A: supination
O: scapula
I: radius
rotator cuff muscles action
stabilize the glenohumeral joint
subscapularis action
medially rotates arm
supraspinatus action
abducts arm
infraspinatus action (2)
adducts and laterally rotates arm
triceps brachii action
extension
brachialis A/O/I
A: flexion
O: distal humerus
I: coronoid process of ulna
biceps brachii action (2)
flexion and supination
brachioradialis action
flexion
pronator teres action
pronation
supinator action
supination
extensor digiti minimi action
extension
extensor carpi ulnaris action
extension
abductor pollicis longus action (2)
abducts thumb
extends wrist
abductor pollicis longus action (2)
abducts thumb
extends wrist
extensor pollicis brevis action
extension
extensor pollicis longus
extension
flexor pollicis brevis action
flexion
abductor pollicis brevis action
abduction
flexor digiti minimi brevis action
flexion
lumbricals action (2)
flexion
extension
dorsal interossei action (3)
abduction
flexion
extension
adductor pollicis action
adduction
flexor carpi radialis action (2)
flexion
abduction
palmaris longus action
flexion
flexor carpi ulnaris action (2)
flexion
adduction
flexor digitorum superficialis action
flexion
flexor pollicis longus action
flexion
flexor digitorum profundus action
flexion
extensor carpia radialis longus action (2)
extension
abduction
extensor carpi radialis brevis action (2)
extension
abduction
extensor digitorum action
extension
gluteus medius action
abduction
gluteus minimus action
abduction
tensor fasciae latae action
abduction
adductor brevis, longus, magnus action
adduction
gracilis action
adduction
pectineus action
adduction
gluteus maximus action
extension
adductor magnus (hamstring part) action
extension
biceps femoris (long head) action
extension
semimembranosus action
extension
semitendinosus action
extension
iliopsoas action
flexion
adductor brevis, longus, magnus (adductor part) action
flexion
sartorius action
flexion
rectus femoris A/O/I
A: flexion of hip joint/thigh
O: anterior inferior iliac spine
I: Quadriceps tendon
gracilis action
flexion
adductor magnus (hamstring part) action
lateral rotation
gluetus maximus action (2)
extension and lateral rotation of hip joint/thigh
sartorius action
lateral rotation
gluteus medius action (2)
extension and medial rotation of hip joint/thigh
gluteus minimus action (2)
extension and medial rotation of hip joint/thigh
tensor fasciae latae action
abduction of thigh
quadriceps femoris (includes rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis) action
extension
extensor digitorum longus action
dorsiflexion digits 2-5
extensor hallucis longus action
dorsiflexion digit 1
tibialis anterior action
dorsiflexion
fibularis longus action (2)
eversion
plantar flexion
fibularis brevis action (2)
eversion
plantar flexion
gastrocnemius action (2)
flexion
plantar flexion
soleus action
plantar flexion
plantaris action (2)
flexion
plantar flexion
flexor digitorum longus action (2)
platar flexion
flexion
flexor hallucis longus action (2)
plantar flexion
flexion
tibialis posterior action (2)
plantar flexion
inversion
muscles of facial expression O/I
O: superficial fascia or skull
I: superficial fascia of skin
frontal belly of occipitofrontalis action
raises eyebrows/wrinkles forehead
occipital belly of occipitofrontalis action
retracts scalp
orbicularis oculi action
eyelid closes
nasalis action
flares nostrils
orbicularis oris action
close and pucker mouth
depressor labii inferior action
lower lip movement?
levator labii superioris action
upper lip movement?
zygomaticus major and minor action
smile
mentalis action
pout
platysma action
tense neck skin, pulls lower lip inferior
buccinator action
compresses cheek, ‘suck’
muscle of mastication: temporalis A/O/I
A: elevates and retracts the mandible (pulls posteriorly)
O: Parietal bone
I: coronoid process of mandible
muscles of masticatio: masseter A/O/I
A: elevates and retracts the mandible (pulls anteriorly)
O: zygomatic arch
I: angle of mandible
suprahyoid muscles action
(floor of mouth) elevate hyoid bone
infrahyoid muscles action
depress hyoid bone
omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid (infrahyoid) action
depress hyoid bone
thyrohyoid (infrahyoid) action
elevates thyroid cartilage
muscles that move head and neck
anterolateral muscles
posterior muscles
anterolateral muscles (head and neck) action
flex head and/or neck
posterior muscles (head and neck) action
extend head and/or neck
sternocleidomastoid (anterolateral) actions (2)
bilateral contraction: flexion of neck
unilateral contraction: lateral flexion & rotation of head to opposite side
erector spinae actions (3)
maintain posture
bilateral contraction: extends spinal column
unilateral contraction: flexes the column laterally
quadratus lumborum actions (2)
bilateral contraction: extension of spinal column
unilateral contraction: laterally flexes vertebral column
muscles of respiration responsibility
muscles in inhalation
muscles of inhalation (3)
scalene
external intercostals
diaphragm
scalene A/O/I
A: elevates rib 1 and 2
O: transverse processses of cervical vert
I: Rib 1 and 2
external intercostals action
elevates ribs
diaphragm action/responsibility
major muscle of respiration
muscles of exhalation
internal intercostals
transverse thoracis
diaphragm
internal intercostals action
depresses ribs
transverse thoracis action
depresses ribs
rectus abdominis action
flexes vertebral column and compresses abdominal cavity
external oblique, internal oblique, and transverse abdominis actions (2)
unilateral: lateral flexion of vertebral column and rotation of vertebral column to opposite side
bilateral: flexion of vertebral column and compression of abdominal wall
muscles that move the pectoral girdle and upper limb O/I
O: axial skeleton
I: scapula and clavicle
muscles that move pectoral girdle (3)
pectoralis minor
serratus anterior
trapezius
muscles that move glenohumeral joint/arm
latissimus dorsi
pectoralis major
deltoid
teres major
rotator cuff muscles: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor
teres major
muscles that move the elbow joint/forearm (extensors and flexors)
extensors: triceps brachii
flexors: biceps brachii
brachialis
brachioradialis
anterior forearm muscles the move the wrist joint, hand, and fingers A/O
A: flexion of wrist, hand, and fingers
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
posterior forearm muscles that move the wrist joint, hand, and fingers A/O
A: extension of wrist, hand, and fingers
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
intrinsic muscles of hand O/I
O: hand
I: hand
thenar group muscles affect motion of
thumb
hypothenar group muscles affect motion of
finger 5
midpalmar group muscles affect motion of
all fingers and thumb
anterior muscles that move hip joint/thigh A/O/I
A: flexion of thigh
O: Os coxae
I: femur
medial muscles that move hip joint/thigh A/O/I
A: adducts thigh
O: Os coxae
I: femur
lateral muscles that move hip joint/thigh A/O/I
A: abducts thigh
O: ox coxae
I: femur
posterior muscles that move hip joint/thigh A/O/I
A: extension of thigh and knee flexors
O: os coxae
I: femur
anterior muscles that move hip joint/ thigh (4)
- psoas major
- iliacus
- sartorius
- rectus femoris
medial muscles that move hip joint/thigh (4)
- adductor longus
- gracilis
- pectineus
- adductor magnus
lateral muscle of thigh
tensor fasciae latae
anterior muscles the move the knee joint/leg A
extension of leg
anterior muscles that move the knee joint/leg (4)
quadriceps femoris:
- rectus femoris
- vastus lateralis
- vastus medialis
- vastus intermedius
anterior muscles that move the knee joint and leg create
quadriceps tendon
patellar ligament
posterior muscles that move the knee joint/leg A
extension of thigh
flexion of leg
posterior muscles that move the knee joint (3)
(hamstrings)
biceps femoris
semimembranosus
semitendinosus
crural muscles
muscles that move the ankle, foot, and toes
anterior crural muscles action
dorsiflex foot
lateral crural muscles action
evert foot
posterior crural muscles action
plantar flex foot
anterior crural muscles (3)
extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucis longus
tibialis anterior
muscles of lateral leg (2)
fibularis longus
fibularis brevis
muscles of posterior leg (3) that form calcaneal tendon?
- gastrocnemius
- soleus
- plantaris
muscles of posterior leg (3) deep and A
tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus
flexor hallucis longus
A: plantar flexion