BIOL G220/220L: Ch. 1 Flashcards
Terms and concepts from Lecture 1: Introduction and lab slides/models
anatomy
study of structure
greek meaning of anatomy
to cut up or cut open
physiology
study of function
two categories of anatomy
microscopic anatomy gross anatomy
microscopic anatomy
structures too small to be seen with the unaided eye
gross anatomy
structures that can be seen with the unaided eye
cytology
cells
histology
tissues
gross anatomy subdisciplines (6)
- comparative anatomy
- developmental anatomy
- embryology
- regional anatomy
- surface anatomy
- systemic anatomy
comparative anatomy
examines similarities and differences in anatomy of different species
developmental anatomy
study of structure changes within an individual from conception through maturity
embryology
study of developmental changes occurring prior to birth
regional anatomy
study of structures within a single region e.g. head and neck or abdomen
surface anatomy
study of internal structures as their locations relate to regions of skin or other surface markings
systemic anatomy
study of structures involved with a specific activity e.g. digestion or reproduction
structural organization of the body
- atoms
- molecules
- cells
- tissues
- organs
- systems
- organism
Characteristics of Living Organisms (7)
- Organization
- Metabolism
- Growth and development
- Responsiveness
- Adaptation
- Regulation
- Reproduction
How many organ systems are in the human body?
11
Human body organ systems
- integumentary
- skeletal
- muscular
- nervous
- endocrine
- circulatory
- respiratory
- digestive
- lymphatic
- urinary
- reproductive
Integumentary system functions (5)
- protection
- body temperature regulation
- synthesize vitamin D
- prevents water loss
- site of cutaneous receptors
Skeletal system functions (4)
- support and protection
- site of hemopoiesis
- stores calcium and phosphate
- provides sites for muscle attachment
Muscular system functions (2)
- produces body movements
- generates heat when muscles contract
- important for movement
- *abdominal muscles contain visceral support
Nervous system functions (4)
- action and information flow to effectors
- *action potentials controls body movement
- responds to sensory stimuli
- helps control other systems of the body
Endocrine system functions (4)
- hormonal messaging through glands and cell clusters
- regulates:
- body and cellular growth
- chemical levels in body
- reproductive functions









