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Y1 Principles > Anatomy: Reproductive System > Flashcards

Anatomy: Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

what are gametes?

A

haploid sex cells

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2
Q

what is the male gamete?

A

spermatozoa

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3
Q

what is the female gamete?

A

oocyte/ovum

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4
Q

what produces gametes?

A

gonads

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5
Q

what are the male gonads?

A

testes

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6
Q

what are the female gonads?

A

ovaries

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7
Q

what is produced during fertilisation?

A

a diploid zygote

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8
Q

where does normal fertilisation take place?

A

the ampulla of the uterine tube

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9
Q

where is the pelvic cavity found?

A

the bony pelvis

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10
Q

what is the pelvic inlet?

A

the way into the pelvic cavity from the abdominal cavity

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11
Q

what is the pelvic outlet?

A

the way out of the perineum from the pelvis

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12
Q

what is the pelvic floor?

A

an internal wall made from skeletal muscle

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13
Q

what does the pelvic floor separate?

A

the pelvic cavity and the perineum

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14
Q

where is the perineum found?

A

inferior to the pelvic floor, between the proximal parts of the lower limbs

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15
Q

what forms the pelvic roof?

A

the parietal peritoneum

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16
Q

what is the parietal peritoneum?

A

the lining of the abdominal cavity

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17
Q

what is the most inferior part of the peritobeal cavity in an upright female patient?

A

the rectouterine pouch

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18
Q

what is another name for the rectouterine pouch?

A

the pouch of douglas

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19
Q

what are the female reproductive organs?

A

the ovaries

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20
Q

what are the female accessory reproductive organs?

A

the uterine tubes, uterus and vagina

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21
Q

what are the three layers of the body of the uterus, from inside to outside?

A

endometrium
myometrium
perimetrium

22
Q

where does an ova develop?

A

in the ovaries

23
Q

where is a mature ova released into at the beginning of a menstrual cycle?

A

the peritoneal cavity

24
Q

how does an ovum get into the infundibulum of the uterine tube?

A

the fimbriae gather it and put it in

25
Q

what moves the ovum along the uterine tube?

A

cilia

26
Q

what happens during menstruation?

A

an unfertilised ovum is expelled by contractions of the myometrium

27
Q

where does implantation of the fertilised ovum implant?

A

the body of the uterus

28
Q

what is an ectopic pregnancy?

A

when a fertilised ovum implants outside of the uterine cavity

29
Q

state two examples of where an ectopic pregnancy coukd implant?

A

uterine tube

abdominal cavity

30
Q

why is an ectopic pregnancy a potential emergency?

A

there is danger of haemorrhage

31
Q

how can a female be sterilised?

A

tubal ligation of both uterine tubes, preventing an egg passing through and being fertilised

32
Q

where do the testes originate during development?

A

on the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity

33
Q

where do the testes descend to by birth?

A

the scrotum

34
Q

how do the testes move to the scrotum?

A

passing through the inguinal canal in the anterior abdominal wall

35
Q

what is the tube that sperm passes through called?

A

the vas deferens

36
Q

what connects the testes to the urethra?

A

the vas deferens

37
Q

what produces sperm?

A

the seminiferous tubules

38
Q

what controls temperature in the seminiferous tubules?

A

dartos muscle

39
Q

how long does it take for sperm to mature?

A

64 days

40
Q

where does sperm pass through when it exits the seminiferous tubules?

A

the rete testes and then the head of the epididymis

41
Q

what does the epididymis become?

A

the vas deferens

42
Q

what three things does the spermatic cord contain?

A

vas deferens
testicular artery
pampiniform plexus of veins

43
Q

what is torsion of the testis?

A

twisting of the spermatic cord

44
Q

what is there a risk of in patients with torsion of the testis?

A

testicular necrosis

45
Q

what are the two functions of the prostatic urethra?

A

drains urine from the bladder

passes semen in ejaculation

46
Q

what does the seminal gland produce?

A

seminal fluid

47
Q

what are the two types of urethra?

A

spongy and prostatic

48
Q

what are the male reproductive organs?

A

the testes

49
Q

what are the four male accessory reproductive organs?

A

vas deferens
seminal glands
prostate gland
penis

50
Q

how can males be sterilised?

A

via vasectomy, the transection and closing of the vas deferens bilaterally

Y1 Principles (38 decks)

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