Anatomy: Nervous System Flashcards
what muscle is under voluntary control?
skeletal
what types of muscle are under involuntary control?
smooth and cardiac muscles
what are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
the central nervous system
the peripheral nervous system
what makes up the CNS?
the brain and the spinal cord
what makes up the PNS?
all other nerve tissue that is not found within the CNS
what are the two divisions of the PNS?
sympathetic and parasympathetic
what is a neurone?
a collection of nerve cell bodies in the CNS
what is a ganglia?
a collection of nerve cell bodies in the PNS
what is a bundle of axons in the CNS called?
a tract
what is a bundle of axons in the PNS called?
a nerve
what is a peripheral nerve?
a bundle of axons wrapped in connective tissue
what is an efferent fibre?
one that carries motor nerves away from the brain
what is an afferent fibre?
one that carries sensory nerves towards the brain
what is the outermost layer of the cerebral hemispheres called?
the cortex
how many brain lobes are there in each cerebral hemisphere?
four
what is a lobe of the cerebral hemisphere named after?
the cranial bone they lie deep to
what type of axons is there none of in any of the cranial nerves?
sympathetic
what are the three cranial fossae?
anterior
middle
posterior
what are the four segments of the vertebral column?
cervical
thoracic
lumbar
sacral/coccygeal
what are the two enlargements of the spinal cord?
cervical
lumbosacral
how many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31
where does the spinal cord end?
L1/L2 intervertebral disc level
what is the end of the spinal cord called?
the conus medullaris
in an adult, which is longer, the spinal cord or the vertebral column?
the vertebral column
what dermatome is the male nipple found in?
T4
what dermatome is the umbilicus found in?
T10
what makes up the cervical plexus?
C1-C4 anterior rami
what makes up the brachial plexus?
C5-T1 anterior rami
what makes up the lumbar plexus?
L1-L4 anterior rami
what makes up the sacral plexus?
L5-S4 anterior rami
