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Basic Biochemistry > 6. Complex Molecules > Flashcards

6. Complex Molecules Flashcards

1
Q

arachidonic acid is

___ carbon FA

A

20

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2
Q

arachidonic acid is cleaved from cell membrane by enzyme

A

phospholipase A2

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3
Q

prostaglandins and thromboxanes are products of the enzyme

A

cyclooxygenase

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4
Q

leukotrienes are products of the enzymes

A

lipoxygenase

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5
Q

EICOSANOIDS

A

prostaglandins
Thromboxane
Prostacyclin
Leukotrienes

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6
Q

mediators of infammation, pain and protect gastric mucosa

A

Prostaglandin

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7
Q 
promotes thrombosis (platelet adhesion and aggegation)
and vasoconstriction produced by platelets
A

thromboxane

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8
Q

inhibits thrombosis stimulates vasodilation produces endothelial cells

A

prostacyclin

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9
Q

keeps ductus arteriosus open, used for erectile dysfunction

A

PGE1, alprostadil

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10
Q

results in vasodilation and relaxation of smooht muscle used to induce abor

A

PGE2

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11
Q

results in vasoconstriction and contraction of smooth muscle, stiulates uterine contractions

A

PGF2 α

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12
Q

slow-reacting substances of anaphylaxis, potent bronchial constriction

(role in pathology of asthma )

A

leukotrienes C4,D4, E4

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13
Q

long chain FA attached to sphingosine backbone

A

ceramide

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14
Q

glycolipids are derivatives of

A

ceramide

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15
Q

glycolipid with

X: Hydrogen atom

A

ceramide

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16
Q

glycolipid with

X: glucose or galactose

A

cerebroside

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17
Q

glycolipid with

X:di- or tri- or tetra saccharide

A

globoside

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18
Q

glycolipid with

X:N-acetylneuraminic acid

A

ganglioside

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19
Q

glycolipid with

X: sulfated glucose

A

sulfatide

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20
Q
  • cell adhesion, recognition, growth , development

* important in neural tissue

A

glycolipids

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21
Q

phospholipid with sphingosine backbone

A

sphingophospholipids

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22
Q
  • the only SIGNIFICANT sphingophospholipid in humans

* insulates the axons and nerve fibers and inc nerve conduction

A

sphingomyelin

23
Q

phospholipid in which an alcohol (X) that is attached by a phosphodiester bridge to diacylglycerol

A

glycerophospholipids

24
Q

glycerophospholipids
where
X= hydrogen

A

phosphatidic acid

25
glycerophospholipids where X=choline
phosphatidylcholine
26
lecithin
phosphatidylcholine
27
cephalin
phosphatidylethanolamine
28
glycerophospholipids antigenic cross reacts with antibodies to syphillis
cardiolipin
29
dipalmitoylphosphatidyl choline
dipalmitoyllechitin
30
most abundant glycerophospholipids cell membrane outer leaflet storage of choline component of acetylcholine
phosphatidylcholine/lecithin
31
cell membrane inner leaflet
cephalin/ phosphatidylethanolamine
32
cell membrane inner leaflet | role in apoptosis
phosphatidyl serine
33
reservoir of arachidonic acid in cell membranes | source of inositol triphosphate + DAG, which are second messengers
phosphatidylinositol
34
lung surfactant
dipalmitoyllecithin/ | dipalmitoylphosphatidyl choline
35
carbs> proteins
Glycosaminoglycans
36
lipid> carbs
glycolipids
37
UNBRANCHED polysaccharides consisting of repeating DISACCHARIDE units, alternating acidic sugar - amino sugar
GAGs
38
except for ____, GAGs are normally linked to a protein core
hyaluronic acid
39
GAGs+ protein core
proteoglycan
40
acid sugars of GAGs
glucuronic acid | iduronic acid
41
amino sugars of GAGs
glucosamine , galactosamine
42
GAGs for cell migration and wound repair
hyaluronic acid
43
principal component of cartilage, found in sites of calcification most abundant GAG
chondroitin
44
GAG | maintain corneal transparency
Keratan sulfate
45
GAG | anticoagulant
heparin
46
GAG receptors for cell growth cell to cell communication maintains charge selectiveness of renal glomerulus
heparan sulfate
47
main GAG of skin
dermatan sulfate
48
proteins> carbs
glycoproteins
49
proteins to which oligosaccharides are attached
glycoproteins
50
glycoproteins : | oligosaccharides are usually attached to serine synthesized in ____
gOlgi bodies | O-linked
51
glycoproteins : | oligosaccharides are usually attached to asparagine synthesized in ____
eNdoplasmic reticulum | N-linked
52
* this complex structure provides cell surface recognition * cell surface antigenicity * components of extracellular matrix * mucins * transferrin, cerruloplasmin
Glycoprotein
53
* HGC, TSH | * Immunoglobulins
Glycoprotein

Basic Biochemistry (50 decks)

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