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Basic Biochemistry > 6. Complex Molecules > Flashcards

6. Complex Molecules Flashcards

1
Q

arachidonic acid is

___ carbon FA

A

20

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2
Q

arachidonic acid is cleaved from cell membrane by enzyme

A

phospholipase A2

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3
Q

prostaglandins and thromboxanes are products of the enzyme

A

cyclooxygenase

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4
Q

leukotrienes are products of the enzymes

A

lipoxygenase

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5
Q

EICOSANOIDS

A

prostaglandins
Thromboxane
Prostacyclin
Leukotrienes

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6
Q

mediators of infammation, pain and protect gastric mucosa

A

Prostaglandin

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7
Q 
promotes thrombosis (platelet adhesion and aggegation)
and vasoconstriction produced by platelets
A

thromboxane

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8
Q

inhibits thrombosis stimulates vasodilation produces endothelial cells

A

prostacyclin

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9
Q

keeps ductus arteriosus open, used for erectile dysfunction

A

PGE1, alprostadil

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10
Q

results in vasodilation and relaxation of smooht muscle used to induce abor

A

PGE2

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11
Q

results in vasoconstriction and contraction of smooth muscle, stiulates uterine contractions

A

PGF2 α

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12
Q

slow-reacting substances of anaphylaxis, potent bronchial constriction

(role in pathology of asthma )

A

leukotrienes C4,D4, E4

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13
Q

long chain FA attached to sphingosine backbone

A

ceramide

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14
Q

glycolipids are derivatives of

A

ceramide

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15
Q

glycolipid with

X: Hydrogen atom

A

ceramide

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16
Q

glycolipid with

X: glucose or galactose

A

cerebroside

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17
Q

glycolipid with

X:di- or tri- or tetra saccharide

A

globoside

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18
Q

glycolipid with

X:N-acetylneuraminic acid

A

ganglioside

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19
Q

glycolipid with

X: sulfated glucose

A

sulfatide

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20
Q
  • cell adhesion, recognition, growth , development

* important in neural tissue

A

glycolipids

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21
Q

phospholipid with sphingosine backbone

A

sphingophospholipids

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22
Q
  • the only SIGNIFICANT sphingophospholipid in humans

* insulates the axons and nerve fibers and inc nerve conduction

A

sphingomyelin

23
Q

phospholipid in which an alcohol (X) that is attached by a phosphodiester bridge to diacylglycerol

A

glycerophospholipids

24
Q

glycerophospholipids
where
X= hydrogen

A

phosphatidic acid

25
Q

glycerophospholipids
where
X=choline

A

phosphatidylcholine

26
Q

lecithin

A

phosphatidylcholine

27
Q

cephalin

A

phosphatidylethanolamine

28
Q

glycerophospholipids

antigenic
cross reacts with antibodies to syphillis

A

cardiolipin

29
Q

dipalmitoylphosphatidyl choline

A

dipalmitoyllechitin

30
Q

most abundant glycerophospholipids
cell membrane outer leaflet
storage of choline component of acetylcholine

A

phosphatidylcholine/lecithin

31
Q

cell membrane inner leaflet

A

cephalin/ phosphatidylethanolamine

32
Q

cell membrane inner leaflet

role in apoptosis

A

phosphatidyl serine

33
Q

reservoir of arachidonic acid in cell membranes

source of inositol triphosphate + DAG, which are second messengers

A

phosphatidylinositol

34
Q

lung surfactant

A

dipalmitoyllecithin/

dipalmitoylphosphatidyl choline

35
Q

carbs> proteins

A

Glycosaminoglycans

36
Q

lipid> carbs

A

glycolipids

37
Q

UNBRANCHED polysaccharides consisting of repeating DISACCHARIDE units, alternating acidic sugar - amino sugar

38
Q

except for ____, GAGs are normally linked to a protein core

A

hyaluronic acid

39
Q

GAGs+ protein core

A

proteoglycan

40
Q

acid sugars of GAGs

A

glucuronic acid

iduronic acid

41
Q

amino sugars of GAGs

A

glucosamine , galactosamine

42
Q

GAGs for cell migration and wound repair

A

hyaluronic acid

43
Q

principal component of cartilage, found in sites of calcification
most abundant GAG

A

chondroitin

44
Q

GAG

maintain corneal transparency

A

Keratan sulfate

45
Q

GAG

anticoagulant

46
Q

GAG
receptors for cell growth
cell to cell communication
maintains charge selectiveness of renal glomerulus

A

heparan sulfate

47
Q

main GAG of skin

A

dermatan sulfate

48
Q

proteins> carbs

A

glycoproteins

49
Q

proteins to which oligosaccharides are attached

A

glycoproteins

50
Q

glycoproteins :

oligosaccharides are usually attached to serine synthesized in ____

A

gOlgi bodies

O-linked

51
Q

glycoproteins :

oligosaccharides are usually attached to asparagine synthesized in ____

A

eNdoplasmic reticulum

N-linked

52
Q
  • this complex structure provides cell surface recognition
  • cell surface antigenicity
  • components of extracellular matrix
  • mucins
  • transferrin, cerruloplasmin
A

Glycoprotein

53
Q
  • HGC, TSH

* Immunoglobulins

A

Glycoprotein

Basic Biochemistry (50 decks)

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