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Basic Biochemistry > 22. Vitamins > Flashcards

22. Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

group of organic nutrients required for diff biochemical fx

A

vitamins

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2
Q

forms of Vit A

A
  • retinol
  • retinal
  • retinoic acid
  • ß-carotene
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3
Q

source of ß-carotene

A

carrots

sweet potatoes

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4
Q

sources of vit A

A

liver
eggs
whole milk
butter

carrots
sweet potatoes

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5
Q

this is a vitamin that fx

as component of visual pigment rhodopsin

A

Vit A (11-cis retinal)

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6
Q

this is a vitamin that

maintains fluidity of cell memranes

A

vit E

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7
Q

this is a vitamin that fx

lipid soluble antioxidant

A

beta carotene

vit E

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8
Q

this is a vitamin that

support gametogenesis

A

retino and retinal

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9
Q

maintain calcium balance

A

vit D

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10
Q

this is a vitamin that fx

as coenzyme for y-carboxylation of glutamate residue in clotting factors and other proteins

factors II, VII, IX, X
proteins C and S

A

vitamin K

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11
Q 
this is a vitamin that fx 
as coenzyme for 
•pyruvate dehydrogenase
•alpha keto glutarate dehydrogenase 
•branched chain amino acid dehydrogenase
•transketolases
A

thiamine

Vit B1

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12
Q

this is a vitamin that fx

as electron carries in redox rxns

A

vit B2 riboflavin

vit B3 niacin

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13
Q

source ADP-ribose for nucleoproteins involved in DNA repair

A

vit B3 niacin

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14
Q

this vitamin inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue

used to tx hyperlipidemia

A

vit B3 niacin

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15
Q

part of coenzyme A and acyl carrier protein for fatty acid synthesis and metabolism

A

vit B5

pantothenic acid

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16
Q 
coenzyme for 
transamination of amino acids 
decarbozylation of glutamate and histidine 
ALA synthase 
Cystathionine synthase
glycogen phosphorylase
A

pyridoxine

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17
Q

synthesis of niacin from tryptophan

requires this coenzyme

A

pyridoxine vit b6

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18
Q

active form of folic acid

A

tetrahydrofolate

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19
Q

receives 1 carbon fragments from donors (serine, glycine, histidine)
and transfers them to intermediates in synthesis of aa, purines, and thymine

A

folicacid vit b9

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20
Q

coenzyme for methionine synthase,

methylmalonyl coa mutase

A

vit b12 cobalamin

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21
Q

coenzyme for copper abd iron containing hydroxylases

  1. proline and lysine hydroxylases in collagen
  2. dopamine beta hydroxylase
A

ascorbic acid

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22
Q

this vitamin enhances absorption of inorganic iron

A

vit c

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23
Q

coenzyme for
pyruvate carboxylase
acetyl coa carboxylase
propionyl coa carboxylase

A

biotin

Vit H

24
Q

test for vit B1 deficiency

A

erythrocyte transketolase activity assay

25
Q

test for vit B6 deficiency

A

erythrocyte transaminase assay

26
Q

test for vit B12 deficiency

A

schilling test

methylmalonic acid test

27
Q

test for folate deficiency

A

miminoglutamic acid excretion test

28
Q

lipid soluble vitamins composed of _______ units

A

isoprene units

29
Q

vitamin D3

A

cholecalciferol

30
Q

vit D2

A

ergocalciferol

31
Q

this is normlly formed in the skin form 7-dehydrocholesterol when exposed to sunlight

32
Q

this is commonly added to milk and butter

33
Q

active form of vit D , which is a product of hydroxylation rxns in the liver and kidney

A

calcitriol

1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D

34
Q

forms of BVit E

A

tocopherols

tocotrienols

35
Q

sources of vit E

A

vegetable oils
liver
eggs

36
Q

source of Vit D3

A

fatty fish
liver
egg yolk

37
Q

antioxidant of cell membranes

38
Q

vit K from green vegetables

A

phylloquinone

39
Q

vit K synthesized by intestinal bacteria

A

menaquinone

40
Q

synthetic vit K

41
Q

water soluble vitamins fx mainly as

A

enzyme cofactors

42
Q

sources of thiamine

A 
pork
fish
seafood
beef
yoghurt
fortified rice
cereals
bread 
flour
43
Q

forms of vit K

A

phylloquinone
menaquinone
menadione

44
Q

active forms of riboflavin

A

FMN -flavine mononucleotide

FAD -flavine adenine dinucleotide

45
Q

active forms of niacin

A

NAD+
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

NADP+

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

46
Q

synthesize from tryptophan, in a process that requires pyridoxine

47
Q

sources of niacin

A 
tryptophan
unrefned and enriched grains and cereal
milk 
lean meat 
liver
48
Q

sources of pantothenic acid

A

eggs
liver
yeast

49
Q

active form of pyridoxine

A

pyridoxal 5’ phosphate

50
Q

source of pyridoxine

A

potatoes and starchy vegetbles, non-citrus fruits -> pyridoxine
meat -> pyridoxal and pyridoxamine

51
Q

active form of folic acid

A

tetrahydrofolate

52
Q

sources of folic acid

A

fresh green vegetables

liver

53
Q

active form of cobalamin

A

methylcobalamin

deoxyadenosylcobalamin

54
Q

absorption of cobalamin requires

A

binding to cobalophilin and intrinsic factor

55
Q

sources of vit b12

A 
liver
whole milk
eggs 
oysters
shrimp
pork 
chicken
56
Q

sore spongy gums
loose teeth
poor wound healing
bone fracture

A

scurvy - vit C deficiency

57
Q

absorption of biotic inhibited by

A

avidin in egg whites

Basic Biochemistry (50 decks)

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