37. Lipogenesis

Question 1

synthesis of fatty acids, specifically palmitate

Answer 1

lipogenesis

Question 2

where does lipogenesis occur

Answer 2

liver 
kidney
brain
lung 
mammary gland
adipose tissue 

•cytosol

Question 3

what is the immediate substrate of lipogenesis

Answer 3

Acetyl CoA

Question 4

product of lipogenesis

Answer 4

palmitoyl CoA

Question 5

rate limiting step fo lipogenesis

Answer 5

acetyl CoA carboxylase

Question 6

important steps in fatty acid synthesis

Answer 6

1. Transport of acetyl CoA to the cytosol
   - citrate shuttle
2. acetyl CoA -> malonyl CoA
   Enz: acetyl CoA carboxylase
   coenzyme: biotin

3. elongation of palmitoyl CoA
Enz: fatty acid synnthase
Donor of reducing equivalents: NADPH
sequence of steps: x7
condensation –> Reduction –> Dehydration –> Reduction

CRDR

Question 7

where is acetyl coa derived from

Answer 7

oxidation of pyruvate

Question 8

rate limiting step of lipogeensis

Answer 8

acetyl coa–> malonyl coa

enz: acetyl coa carbxylase
coenz: biotin

Question 9

acetyl coa–> malonyl coa

enz: acetyl coa carbxylase
coenz: biotin

activated by

Answer 9

citrate and insulin

CI

Question 10

acetyl coa–> malonyl coa

enz: acetyl coa carbxylase
coenz: biotin

inhibited by

Answer 10

glucagon
epinephrine

GE

Question 11

sources of NADPH

Answer 11

pentose phosphate pathway
malic enzyme
isocitrate dehydrogenase

Question 12

in this organelle, FA may undergo
•further elongation-> very long chain fatty acids
•desaturation-> double bonds up to carbon 9

Answer 12

smooth endoplasmic reticulum