35 Direct object pronouns

Question 1

(You read a book.)
“Tú” is the subject: the person or thing performing the action described by the verb.
“lees” is the verb: the word that express an action or a state of being.
“un libro” is the complement: a word or a group of words that completes the meaning of the action the verb indicates and the subject does.
The direct object is a type of complement that tells us the person or thing that “directly receives” the action expressed by the verb. The direct object is normally after the verb, but you can find out exactly what the direct object is by asking “what” or “whom” with the verb. Let’s see how you can find out what the direct object is in a sentence:

Ana bebe un vaso de vino. (Ana drinks a glass of wine.) Drinks what? - (a glass of wine)
Visitamos a nuestros amigos el sábado. (We visited our friends last Saturday.) Visited whom? - (our friends)
To sound more natural and avoid being repetitive, in Spanish we often replace the direct object with a direct object pronoun that we place before the verb.

Direct object without a pronoun: Tú lees un libro.
With a pronoun replacing the direct object: Tú lo lees.
These are the singular direct object pronouns:

me (me): Juan me vio. (Juan saw me)
te (informal you): Te llamo por teléfono. (I call you over the phone.)
lo (him, it, formal you): Mi amiga lo compró. (My friend bought it.)
la ( her): No la vi. (I didn’t see her)
These are the plural direct object pronouns:

nos (us): Mi amigo nos lleva a la estación. (My friend take us to the station.)
os (you-all-colloquial): Os invito a cenar. (I invite you to have dinner.)
los (them masculine, you-formal): Los necesito para mañana. (I need them tomorrow.)
las (them feminine): No las tienen en la talla 40. (They don’t have them in size 40.)

Answer 1

Tú lees un libro.

Question 2

Berta and Juan reserved a table.
Sonia has lost the plane.
“My roommate cleans the kitchen on Thursday.” - What does my roommate clean?
Isabel bought the jacket. - Isabel bought it.
Yesterday I saw my friend at the supermarket. - I saw him at the supermarket yesterday.
They do not have the shoes in size 40. - They do not have them in size 40.
Laura invites us to her party.
Do you see my friends? - Yes, I see them.
I call you on your mobile.
I send this email and I’m done. - I send it and finish.
Who has the keys? - Who has them?
Laura invited me to her party.
We pay the bill. - We pay for them.
I prepared all the materials. - Prepare them.
I invite you to eat.
I saw them at the concert.

Answer 2

Berta y Juan reservaron una mesa.
Sonia ha perdido el avion.
“Mi compañera de piso limpia la cocina el jueves.” - ¿Qué limpia mi compañera de piso?
Isabel compró la chaqueta. - Isabel la compró.
Ayer vi a mi amigo en el supermercado. - Ayer lo vi en el supermercado.
No tienen las zapatillas en talla 40. - No las tienen en talla 40.
Laura nos invita a su fiesta.
¿Ves a mis amigas? - Sí, las veo.
Te llamo al móvil.
Mando este correo y termino. - Lo mando y termino.
¿Quién tiene las llaves? - ¿Quién las tiene?
Laura me invitó a su fiesta.
Pagamos la cuenta. - Las pagamos.
Preparé todos los materiales. - Los prepare.
Os invito a comer.
Los vi en el concierto.