🌆3.2.3.8 - Sustainable Urban Development Flashcards
What is sustainable development?
Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
What is liveability?
The characteristics of a city, which improve the quality of life for the people living there
What is a sustainable city?
One which provides employment, a high standard of living, a clean healthy environment and fair governance for all its residents
What is ecological footprint?
The total area of productive land and water required to produce the resources a population consumes and absorb the waste products
What are the inputs to an unsustainable city?
Food goods
Non-renewable energy
People
What are the outputs of an unsustainable city?
Waste
Air and noise pollution
Goods, services, wealth, sprawl
What are the inputs of a sustainable city?
Food goods
Conservation and use of renewable energy
People
What are the output of a sustainable city?
Reduced outputs and the recycling of inorganic waste eg paper, plastic etc
What are the social strategies for sustainability?
Green housing and buildings
Adequate school and healthcare provisions
Available food supplies
What are the economic strategies for sustainability?
Employment opportunities
Production and distribution of renewable energy
What are the environmental strategies for sustainability?
Energy efficiency
Waste and recycling management
Incorporating green space into areas
What are the political strategies for sustainability?
Adoption of green urban planning and design
Policies in place to force people to me more green
What is the population of Curitiba?
3 million
How was the Curitiba bus system improved?
A bus every 60 seconds
Prepaid tickets
Larger buses to carry more people
How are pollution levels reduced in the parks of Curitiba?
Sheep are used to cut the grass
Derelict land turned into green space
What is done for the poor in Curitiba?
If areas are cleaned, the government exchange their rubbish for food vouchers
How are the poor helped to buy houses?
Low interest mortgages are given to them and through ‘self help’ schemes
How do social challenges of urbanisation differ between developed and developing countries?
Developing countries must provide more housing, basic sanitation and infrastructure while developed countries face social cohesion and unemployment
What are some of the social urban trends?
More people living in cities
More people living in slums
Insufficient use of public services
Ageing
What are some of the economic urban trends?
Inequality and financial fragility
Food insecurity
What are some of the environmental urban trends?
Energy access
Climate change
Ecological Footprint
Total area of productive land and water required to produce the resources a population consumes and absorb the waste produced
In 2007, Londoners had an ecological footprint __ x the global average
2
3 Factors Ecological Footprint depends on
Wealth
Size of city
Quality of public transport
Ecological Footprint: Wealth
Consumption and waste production greater in wealthy cities
Ecological Footprint: Size of city
Compact = easier to travel around on bike or foot = less pollution
Ecological Footprint: Quality of public transport
Efficient = decreased car usage = decreased pollution
Unsustainable city characteristics
. Linear system
. More land and resources needed
. Large volume of solid waste
Sustainable city characteristics
. Less waste- reused and recycled
. Energy policies and incentives at national levels
Social aspects of sustainability
. Quality of life
. Availability of services
. Food availability
. Clean water + sanitation
. Energy efficient homes
. Recreational areas
. Community support
Socially sustainable cities are…
Peaceful
Tolerant
Respectful of human rights
Economic aspects of sustainability
. Maintaining economic growth without long term negative impacts
. Investment in green technology and innovation
Economically sustainable cities are…
. Wealthy
. Low levels of inequality
. Little debt
. Profitable and ethical businesses
Environmental aspects of sustainability
. Waste and recycling management
. Good air quality
. Forest and soil management
. Adaptation and mitigation of climate change
Political aspects of sustainability
. Politically stable
. Green urban planning
. Democracy
. Strengthen civil and political rights
. Reduce inequality
Ways to develop sustainable cities
. Invest in infrastructure
. Improve waste collection
. Increase green areas
. Stakeholder participation
. Energy efficient homes
. Increase affordable housing- decrease inequality
. Invest in renewable energy
Invest in infrastructure
Cycle lanes
Public transport
Pedestrianise
Improve waste collection
Recycle
Compost green waste
Reduce waste production
Increase green areas
Decrease pollution
Increase biodiversity i.e. restoring wetlands
Energy efficient homes
Government Incentives
Insulate
Solar Panels
Green Roofs
Issues with developing sustainable cities
. Significant investment- many cities cannot afford
. People don’t want to change their habits i.e. drive less or use less water
. Not appropriate infrastructure in places i.e. roads too narrow for cycle lanes
Biocapacity
Capacity of a biologically productive area to generate an ongoing supply of renewable resources
