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AQA A-Level Human Geography > 🌆3.2.3.8 - Sustainable Urban Development > Flashcards

🌆3.2.3.8 - Sustainable Urban Development Flashcards

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1
Q

What is sustainable development?

A

Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

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2
Q

What is liveability?

A

The characteristics of a city, which improve the quality of life for the people living there

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3
Q

What is a sustainable city?

A

One which provides employment, a high standard of living, a clean healthy environment and fair governance for all its residents

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4
Q

What is ecological footprint?

A

The total area of productive land and water required to produce the resources a population consumes and absorb the waste products

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5
Q

What are the inputs to an unsustainable city?

A

Food goods
Non-renewable energy
People

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6
Q

What are the outputs of an unsustainable city?

A

Waste
Air and noise pollution
Goods, services, wealth, sprawl

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7
Q

What are the inputs of a sustainable city?

A

Food goods
Conservation and use of renewable energy
People

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8
Q

What are the output of a sustainable city?

A

Reduced outputs and the recycling of inorganic waste eg paper, plastic etc

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9
Q

What are the social strategies for sustainability?

A

Green housing and buildings
Adequate school and healthcare provisions
Available food supplies

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10
Q

What are the economic strategies for sustainability?

A

Employment opportunities

Production and distribution of renewable energy

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11
Q

What are the environmental strategies for sustainability?

A

Energy efficiency
Waste and recycling management
Incorporating green space into areas

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12
Q

What are the political strategies for sustainability?

A

Adoption of green urban planning and design

Policies in place to force people to me more green

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13
Q

What is the population of Curitiba?

A

3 million

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14
Q

How was the Curitiba bus system improved?

A

A bus every 60 seconds
Prepaid tickets
Larger buses to carry more people

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15
Q

How are pollution levels reduced in the parks of Curitiba?

A

Sheep are used to cut the grass

Derelict land turned into green space

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16
Q

What is done for the poor in Curitiba?

A

If areas are cleaned, the government exchange their rubbish for food vouchers

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17
Q

How are the poor helped to buy houses?

A

Low interest mortgages are given to them and through ‘self help’ schemes

18
Q

How do social challenges of urbanisation differ between developed and developing countries?

A

Developing countries must provide more housing, basic sanitation and infrastructure while developed countries face social cohesion and unemployment

19
Q

What are some of the social urban trends?

A

More people living in cities
More people living in slums
Insufficient use of public services
Ageing

20
Q

What are some of the economic urban trends?

A

Inequality and financial fragility

Food insecurity

21
Q

What are some of the environmental urban trends?

A

Energy access

Climate change

22
Q

Ecological Footprint

A

Total area of productive land and water required to produce the resources a population consumes and absorb the waste produced

23
Q

In 2007, Londoners had an ecological footprint __ x the global average

A

2

24
Q

3 Factors Ecological Footprint depends on

A

Wealth
Size of city
Quality of public transport

25
Q

Ecological Footprint: Wealth

A

Consumption and waste production greater in wealthy cities

26
Q

Ecological Footprint: Size of city

A

Compact = easier to travel around on bike or foot = less pollution

27
Q

Ecological Footprint: Quality of public transport

A

Efficient = decreased car usage = decreased pollution

28
Q

Unsustainable city characteristics

A

. Linear system
. More land and resources needed
. Large volume of solid waste

29
Q

Sustainable city characteristics

A

. Less waste- reused and recycled
. Energy policies and incentives at national levels

30
Q

Social aspects of sustainability

A

. Quality of life
. Availability of services
. Food availability
. Clean water + sanitation
. Energy efficient homes
. Recreational areas
. Community support

31
Q

Socially sustainable cities are…

A

Peaceful
Tolerant
Respectful of human rights

32
Q

Economic aspects of sustainability

A

. Maintaining economic growth without long term negative impacts
. Investment in green technology and innovation

33
Q

Economically sustainable cities are…

A

. Wealthy
. Low levels of inequality
. Little debt
. Profitable and ethical businesses

34
Q

Environmental aspects of sustainability

A

. Waste and recycling management
. Good air quality
. Forest and soil management
. Adaptation and mitigation of climate change

35
Q

Political aspects of sustainability

A

. Politically stable
. Green urban planning
. Democracy
. Strengthen civil and political rights
. Reduce inequality

36
Q

Ways to develop sustainable cities

A

. Invest in infrastructure
. Improve waste collection
. Increase green areas
. Stakeholder participation
. Energy efficient homes
. Increase affordable housing- decrease inequality
. Invest in renewable energy

37
Q

Invest in infrastructure

A

Cycle lanes
Public transport
Pedestrianise

38
Q

Improve waste collection

A

Recycle
Compost green waste
Reduce waste production

39
Q

Increase green areas

A

Decrease pollution

Increase biodiversity i.e. restoring wetlands

40
Q

Energy efficient homes

A

Government Incentives
Insulate
Solar Panels
Green Roofs

41
Q

Issues with developing sustainable cities

A

. Significant investment- many cities cannot afford
. People don’t want to change their habits i.e. drive less or use less water
. Not appropriate infrastructure in places i.e. roads too narrow for cycle lanes

42
Q

Biocapacity

A

Capacity of a biologically productive area to generate an ongoing supply of renewable resources

AQA A-Level Human Geography (58 decks)

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