3/5- Capillaries (Exam 2)

Question 1

What is vasomotion?

Answer 1

Blood flow in capillaries are start/ stop

Question 2

What are precapillary sphincters?

Answer 2

Muscular door (open and close)

Open door for blood to pass through capillaries

Closed door and blood is directed away

Responds to chemical signals from cells living around the capillary

Open and/ or close door depending on happy or bad signals

Question 3

What is a thoroughfare channel?

Answer 3

Run down center of capillary bed

Straight line between arteriole and venules

There are no back ups in the arteriole

Question 4

Why is there blood supply to the cells?

Answer 4

To bring nutrients and oxygen and to take away CO2

Question 5

What are 2 different kinds of capillaries?

Answer 5

1) continuous capillaries

2) fenestrated capillaries

Question 6

What is a continuous capillary?

Answer 6

Most common

Epithelium forms continuous lining (simple squamous epithelium)

Materials enter or exit through squeezing or diffusing through cells

Question 7

What are fenestrated capillaries?

Answer 7

Permeable

Things go through cell easily

Window like pores built into vessel

In kidney

Question 9

What are 3 processes happening simultaneously in capillaries for movement?

Answer 9

1) diffusion
2) filtration
3) osmosis

Question 10

What is diffusion is a capillary?

Answer 10

High concentration to low concentration moving down its concentration gradient until equilibrium

Question 11

What is urea?

Answer 11

Primary waste product that’s toxic

Question 12

What is capillary filtration?

Answer 12

Using hydrostatic force

Separating material based on size

Small things go through

Question 13

What is hydrostatic force?

Answer 13

Pressure generated by trapped force

Liquid under pressure

Question 14

What is the capillary hydrostatic force?

Answer 14

Blood pressure over interstitial fluid

Blood pressure in vessel

Question 15

What is interstitial hydrostatic pressure?

Answer 15

Blood pressure below interstitial fluid

Pressure exerted by interstitial fluid

Question 16

What happens with water and material dissolved in it?

Answer 16

Pushed out of vessel by hydrostatic pressure

Then force is greater outside vessel than inside

So the water goes back into the vessel with waste instead of nutrients

Question 17

What are plasma proteins?

Answer 17

Liquid portion of the blood with lots of proteins

Proteins are too big to get through holes of cells

Remains in the blood from one side to the other

Question 18

What is osmosis?

Answer 18

Blood goes through capillary it becomes more concentrated because water was pushed out (more water outside vessel than tissue) water goes back to vessel

Water going down it’s concentration gradient through a semi permeable membrane

Endothelium is the semi permeable membrane

Generated force of osmotic pressure

Question 19

What happens to the proteins?

Answer 19

Too small to settle to the bottom of the liquid because of gravity

Question 20

What is the colloid osmotic pressure?

Answer 20

Pressure of osmosis

Blood becomes a colloid because the proteins don’t settle to the bottom

Question 22

What is the wanna be capillary and explain why

Answer 22

Sinusoids

There is and then there isn’t a wall

Where blood bathed in tissue

Found in lobules of liver