Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A & P 2 LECTURE > 3/19- Exam 3 > Flashcards

3/19- Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are macrophages?

A

Found in spleen, liver, and bone marrow

Take up hemoglobin from old RBC that ruptured

Break it up into amino acids and iron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Biliverdin?

A

Chemically processed and converted into greenish pigment

Converted into bilirubin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is bilirubin?

A

Orange yellow pigment

Bonds to albumin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where does albumin take bilirubin and to make what?

A

Liver

Produces bile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are Bile pigments?

A

Bilirubin is converted into this in intestines

Give poop brown color

When absorbed in blood and into kidney gives pee yellow color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is jaundice?

A

If liver malfunctions bilirubin is built up

Stains skin and sclera to yellow color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do you cure babies of jaundice?

A

Put them under blue UV light and the bilirubin converts to biliverdin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the Buffy coat or Buffy layer?

A

WBC and platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 2 major kinds of leukocytes in the Buffy coat?

A

1) Granulocytes

2) Agranulocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are Granulocytes?

A

Derived from myeloblasts

3 kinds

1) neutrophils
2) eosinophils
3) basophils

Stained absorbing granulos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the red and blue stains for blood smear called?

A

Red- Eosin stain

Blue- basic stain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are Agranulocytes?

A

2 kinds

1) monocytes
2) leukocytes

Lack granulos

Color cannot be used for identification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are neutrophils?

A

Most common WBC

Stain absorbing granulos

Nucleus has 2-5 lobes

Neutral to colors

Looks light violet in cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What happens when neutrophils leave the blood?

A

Squeeze between cells

Move around

Phagocytosis of invading organisms

Release enzyme lysozyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What enzyme do neutrophils release and what does it do?

A

Lysozyme

Destroys bacterial cells chemically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are eosinophils?

A

Loves red stain (eosin stain)

Nucleus is double lobed

Looks like rash but reduces rash

17
Q

What do eosinophils do when they leave the blood?

A

Enter tissue that are undergoing allergic reactions or inflammation and reduce it

Release chemicals that destroy Histamine

People who have allergic reactions have a lot of them

Release toxic chemicals that attack parasitic worms

18
Q

What does Histamine cause?

A

Causes inflammation

19
Q

What are basophils?

A

Love blue stain (basic stain)

Releases Heparin

Deep purple color

Least common

Looks soothing but causes rash

Double lobed nucleus but impossible to see

20
Q

What do basophils do when they leave the blood?

A

Migrate through tissue

Release histamine causing inflammation

21
Q

What are monocytes?

A

Largest WBC

Nucleus intended to be round but looks like someone smashed the sides

Increase when people have chronic diseases

Go after any foreign invader in body

Break down invaders to basic chemical and given to lymphocytes

22
Q

What do monocytes become when they leave the blood?

A

Macrophages

Engage in phagocytosis

23
Q

What are lymphocytes?

A

Create specific defense to target the thing directly

Smallest of WBC

Second most common

Nucleus is very large and fills up cell

24
Q

What is thymus?

A

Part of lymphocytes

Gland in chest

Part of mediastinum

25
Q

What is the poem for the WBC?

A

Never Let My Engine Blow 60-30-8-2-0

26
Q

What are platelets?

A

Fragment of megakaryocytes

Become sticky and stick to one another when blood vessel is torn

Acts as plug

Clot forms

27
Q

What are composite materials?

A

Platelets and protein fibers cross crossing through dried blood plasma

28
Q

What is Fibrin?

A

Cross crossing protein

Insoluble in water

Held together with dried blood plasma

Fibers that form most of clot

29
Q

Where does fibrin come from?

A

Fibrinogen

30
Q

What makes fibrinogen into fibrin?

A

Thrombin

31
Q

What is prothrombin?

A

Inactive form of thrombin

32
Q

What is thromboplastin?

A

Activation of prothrombin

Comes from platelets and/ or tissue damaged from injury

33
Q

What is tissue- derived thromboplastin?

A

Thromboplastin derived from tissue damaged from injury

34
Q

What is platelets- derived thromboplastin?

A

Thromboplastin from platelets

35
Q

Where do platelet- derived thromboplastin come from and what is needed to make it?

A

Platelets factors

Needs

  • calcium ions
  • clotting factors
36
Q

Where do tissue- derived thromboplastin come from and what is needed to make it?

A

Tissue factors

Needs

  • calcium ions
  • clotting factor
37
Q

What is the platelet side called?

A

Intrinsic pathway

38
Q

What is the tissue side called?

A

Extrinsic pathway

39
Q

What is the positive feedback of this?

A

Thrombin stimulates tissue and platelets to release more factors

More thrombin is made

Cycle that never ends

Clotting happens more quickly as a result

A & P 2 LECTURE (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions