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Pharmacology > 24 Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

24 Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Trimethaphan

A

Ganglionic blocker

IV治療惡性高血壓

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2
Q

Mecamylamine

A

Ganglionic blocker

PO治療惡性高血壓

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3
Q

Reserpine

A

Indirect-acting adrenergic blocker
抑制 dopamine 攝入小泡
用來降血壓，但會致鬱

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4
Q

Guanethidine

A

Indirect-acting adrenergic blocker
抑制 Vesicle 內 Neurotransmitter 釋放至突觸間隙
用來降血壓

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5
Q

Ephedrine

A

Indirect-acting adrenergic agonist
促進 Vesicle 內 Neurotransmitter 釋放
口服治療鼻塞、尿床

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6
Q

Amphetamine

A

Indirect-acting adrenergic agonist
促進 Vesicle 內 Neurotransmitter 釋放
較易進入中樞，造成情緒亢奮、食慾抑制

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7
Q

Methylphenidate

A

Amphetamine 一種

治療過動兒

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8
Q

Phenylpropanolamine (PPA)

A

Amphetamine 一種，抑制食慾幫助減肥

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9
Q

Amitriptyline (TCA)

A

Indirect-acting adrenergic agonist
抑制 NE, serotonin reuptake
治療憂鬱症

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10
Q

Hemicholinium

A

Indirect-acting cholinergic blocker

抑制 choline 攝入（ACh 原料）

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11
Q

Botulism

A

Indirect-acting cholinergic blocker
抑制 ACh 釋放到突觸
用於除皺、肌肉鬆弛

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12
Q

Neostigmine

A

Indirect-acting cholinergic agonist
抑制 ACh 被 AChE 分解
治療術後腸阻塞、重症肌無力

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13
Q

Physostigmine

A

Indirect-acting cholinergic agonist
抑制 ACh 被 AChE 分解
可過 BBB，治療青光眼

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14
Q

Epinephrine

A

Mixed adrenergic agonist (α, β1, β2)

過敏性休克

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15
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Mixed adrenergic agonist (α, β1)

治療低血壓，但腎灌流會下降

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16
Q

Dopamine

A

Mixed adrenergic agonist (D>β>α)

治療低血壓，且不影響腎灌流

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17
Q

Midodrine

A

α1 agonist

治療姿勢性低血壓

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18
Q

Phenylephrine

A

α1 agonist

散瞳劑、治療鼻塞

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19
Q

Clonidine

A

α2 agonist

治療腎不好的高血壓，但突然停藥會有 rebound HTN

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20
Q

Methyldopa

A

α2 agonist

治療孕婦高血壓，突然停藥會有 rebound HTN

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21
Q

Isoproteronol

A

β agonist

強心劑，少用

22
Q

Dobutamine

A

β1 agonist

治療心衰竭

23
Q

Albuterol, Fenoterol, Salbutamol, Terbutaline

A

β2 agonist, quick relief asthma

24
Q

Salmeterol, Procaterol

A

β2 agonist, long-term control asthma

25
Q

Ritodrine

A

β2 agonist, 子宮肌肉放鬆（安胎）

26
Q

Phentolamine

A

α blocker

診斷 Pheochromocytoma

27
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

α blocker

治療 Pheochromocytoma

28
Q

Tamsulosin, Prazosin, Terazocin, Doxazosin

A

α1 blocker

治療 BPH & HTN

29
Q

Mirtazapine

A

α2 blocker (抑制節前神經元的負回饋)

Anti-depressant

30
Q

Carvedilol, Labetalol

A

α1 & β blocker

治療 HTN, HF, 適合 COPD 患者

31
Q

Propranolol, Nadolol, Pindolol

A

β blocker

治療 HTN, angina, Post-MI, 甲亢

32
Q

Timolol

A

β blocker

治療青光眼

33
Q

Atenolol, Metoprolol, Bisoprolol

A

β1 blocker

治療 HTN, angina

34
Q

Esmolol

A

β1 blocker

治療 Arrhythmia

35
Q

Bethanechol

A

mAChR agonist

治療術後腸麻痺、尿滯留

36
Q

Pilocarpine, Carbachol

A

mAChR agonist

治療青光眼

37
Q

Cevimeline

A

mAChR agonist

治療 Sjögren’s syndrome, 增加唾液分泌

38
Q

Methacholine

A

mAChR agonist

診斷氣喘（誘發 Bronchospasm）

39
Q

Atropine

A

mAChR antagonist

散瞳、術前減少分泌物與腸道活動

40
Q

Homatropine, Tropicamide

A

mAChR antagonist

散瞳、檢查眼底

41
Q

Benztropine

A

mAChR antagonist

治療 Parkinson’s disease

42
Q

Scopolamine

A

mAChR antagonist

暈車藥

43
Q

Pirenzepine, Propantheline

A 
mAChR antagonist (M1 blocker)
治療胃潰瘍
44
Q

Ipratropium

A

mAChR antagonist

治療 Asthma, COPD（促 Bronchodilation）

45
Q

Clidinium

A

mAChR antagonist

治療腸躁症

46
Q

Oxybutynin

A

mAChR antagonist

治療尿失禁

47
Q

Succinylcholine

A

nAChR agonist
一開始會使肌肉收縮，後來會放鬆，幫助插管
與 Halothane 併用易導致惡性高熱

48
Q

Edrophonium

A

nAChR agonist

診斷重症肌無力（短效）

49
Q

Pyridostigmine

A

nAChR agonist

治療重症肌無力

50
Q

Decamethonium

A

nAChR agonist

短效，肌肉鬆弛，助插管

51
Q

Tubocurarine

A

nAChR agonist

從小肌肉到大肌肉抑制

52
Q

Pancuronium

A

nAChR agonist

從小肌肉到大肌肉抑制

Pharmacology (27 decks)

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