07 Hypolipidemics Flashcards

1
Q

β-Sitosterol

A

結構與膽固醇類似,跟膽固醇競爭吸收的Receptor,減少膽固醇吸收

飯前吃

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2
Q

Ezetimibe

A

干擾 NPC1L1 protein,抑制吸收膽固醇

第二線用藥

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3
Q

Cholestyramine, Colestipol

A

膽酸結合樹脂(resin)
減少膽酸回收再利用
脂溶性物質吸收都變少,hypoprothrombinemia

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4
Q

Niacin (Nicotinic acid)

A
  1. 脂肪組織:與 Nicotinic acid receptor 結合,減少 FFA 進入血液中,故也減少進入肝臟的 TG,肝臟 VLDL 合成量下降
  2. 肝臟:抑制合成 TG 的酵素 ➡️ TG 減少
  3. 血液:提升血液中 LPL 活性,減少 VLDL、Chylomicron 量
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5
Q

Fibrate

A

活化 PPARα,進而使 PPARα 促進 LPL 活性
降低 TG,稍微提高 HDL 和降低 LDL
肝腎不好不能用

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6
Q

Statin

A

減少肝臟膽固醇合成➡️肝臟傾向回收LDL➡️表現更多LDL-R➡️降低血中LDL
晚上吃
副作用:橫紋肌溶解

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7
Q

Anti-PCSK9 antibody

A

PCSK9: 為肝臟分泌的一種蛋白,會和肝細胞表面的 LDLR 結合,促進 LDLR 被帶到細胞內分解

適合家族性高膽固醇血症

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8
Q

降TG

A

Fibrate, Niacin

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9
Q

降LDL

A

Statin, Resin, Ezetimibe

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