13 Local anesthetics Flashcards

1
Q

局部麻醉劑作用位置

A

Na+ channel α subunit 中 IV domain S6 segment 的內側 (cytoplasmic site),使其維持在不活化態 (inactivated state)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

局部麻醉劑特色

A

脂溶性、弱鹼性

在感染時體液偏酸,藥效變差

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

感覺神經被麻醉順序

A

Pain > cold > warmth >touch > deep pressure > motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

如何控制在局部?

A

α adrenergic agonist, Phenylephrine

血管收縮劑(最好不要 Epinephrine )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cocaine

A

Aminoester, abuse potential

抑制 Catecholamine 回收、血管收縮

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Procaine

A

會被代謝成PABA,會過敏,若又使用磺胺類藥物(sulfa drug)可能會嚴重氣喘

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Tetracaine

A

最常用,兼具 Ester and amide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lidocaine

A

Aminoamide

抗心律不整

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Mepivacaine

A

Spinal or epidural anesthetic

產科不可使用,會在胎兒血中殘留,胎兒體內累積很多 mepivacaine 產生毒性,稱為 ion trapping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Bupivacaine, Ropivacaine

A

Spinal anesthesia,剖腹產半身麻醉,有心臟與 CNS 毒性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Etidocaine

A

用於動作神經阻斷(motor block),但有心毒性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly