20 Antiepileptic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Carbamazepine

A

Na channel blocker
治療部分發作、大發作
也可治療三叉神經痛

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2
Q

Phenytoin

A

Na channel blocker
治療部分發作、大發作,不能用於小發作,可能會增加其癲癇發作
長期使用會牙齦增生、Vit. D 與葉酸代謝異常

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3
Q

Primodone

A

代謝物可轉換為 Phenobarbital,但本身跟 Phenytoin 比較像,只是效果沒那麼好

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4
Q

Ethosuximide

A

T-type Ca channel blocker in thalamus

治療 Absence seizure(小發作)

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5
Q

Valproic acid

A

Na channel and Ca channel blocker
小發作首選,但其他也可以
常見肝毒性

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6
Q

Phenobarbital

A

Barbiturates, 大發作二線用藥

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7
Q

Clonazepam

A

BZD, myoclonic seizure

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8
Q

Diazepam

A

BZD, static epileptics

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9
Q

Felbamate

A

NMDA blocker

部分發作、大發作的二線用藥

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10
Q

Topiramate

A

AMPA blocker

部分發作、大發作的二線用藥

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11
Q

Lamotrigine

A

Na channel blocker

部分發作、大發作的二線用藥

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12
Q

Gabapentin

A

GABA 衍生物

部分發作、大發作的二線用藥

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13
Q

Tiagabine

A

抑制 GABA reuptake

部分發作、大發作的二線用藥

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14
Q

Vigabatrin

A

抑制 GABA transaminase

部分發作、大發作的二線用藥

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15
Q

Levetiracetam

A

可能是藉由選擇性地抑制Synaptic vesicle protein (SV2A)來影響 Ca channel,以減少 Neurotransmitter 釋放
腎臟代謝

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16
Q

Oxcarbazepine

A

Carbamazepine 的 prodrug,Potency、半衰期、作用都差不多,但副作用比較少(不會影響 p450),但容易發生低血鈉