2: Introduction

Question 1

When do you see high troponin I?

Answer 1

Heart attack

Question 2

When do you see high pro-BNP?

Answer 2

If large atria

Question 3

Which cations does EDTA bind to?

Answer 3

Ca, and other divalent ions less strongly eg Mg

Question 4

How does citrate work?

Answer 4

Chelates Ca

Question 5

What do you get if you centrifuge a citrate tube?

Answer 5

Citrated plasma

Question 6

How do you reverse the effect of citrate?

Answer 6

Add Ca

Question 7

What do you use heparin to obtain?

Answer 7

Plasma

Question 8

How does heparin work?

Answer 8

Through antithrombin and weakly binds to calcium

Question 9

Which heparin salt do you use for plasma biochem?

Answer 9

Lithium

Question 10

What sample do you usually use for biochem?

Answer 10

Serum in a gel separator

Question 11

For which tests do you usually use serum?

Answer 11

Chemistry, bile acids, serology, hormones

Question 12

Which tube should you use if you can’t separate the glucose?

Answer 12

Oxalate

Question 13

What happens if you leave non-separated samples out?

Answer 13

K+ leaks from cells, glucose will be used up

Question 14

Which samples must be frozen?

Answer 14

e.g. PTH, ACTH, insulin

Question 15

Which values can become high if transported at the wrong temperature?

Answer 15

pro-BNP, TSH, IGF-1

Question 16

Which values can become low if transported at the wrong temperature?

Answer 16

PTH, aldosterone, vasopressin, T3, cortisol

Question 17

What is the stress response?

Answer 17

Increased neutrophils, decreased lymphocytes

Question 18

Which values can GA affect?

Answer 18

CBC, chem, RBC/WBC count, induces liver enzymes

Question 19

How long does dexamethason last?

Answer 19

36 hours

Question 20

How does does pred last?

Answer 20

12 hours

Question 21

Why does giving steroids look like pancreatitis?

Answer 21

Decreases amylase, increases lipase

Question 22

What other values can steroids affect?

Answer 22

Glucose and ALP

Question 23

What value an bromide therapy interfere with?

Answer 23

Calcium - gives false high

Question 24

Which values can phenobarb affect?

Answer 24

Induces ALP and increases liver enzymes because causes bile duct epithelium hyperplasia

Question 25

What values can diuretics affect?

Answer 25

Increases CBC, hyperkalaemia, increases protein/albumin, looks like pre-renal azotaemia

Question 26

Which parameters can haemolysis affect?

Answer 26

K+, LDH, ALP, P, interferes with colorimetric assays