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18: Lymphoma 2 Flashcards

1
Q

How long do lymphoma patients survive with no treatment?

A

6-8 weeks

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2
Q

How long do lymphoma patients treated with preds only survive?

A

2-3 months

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3
Q

How long do lymphoma patients treated with chemo survive?

A

6-18 months

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4
Q

How often can you cure lymphoma in animals?

A

Rarely

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5
Q

Why should you not give steroids AND chemotherapy?

A

Drug resistance and makes diagnosis hard

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6
Q

What does COPA/CHOP have that COP doesn’t?

A

Doxorubicin

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7
Q

What does LLCAP-UW-Madison contain that COP/COPA/CHOP don’t?

A

L-Asparaginase

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8
Q

What are the two kinds of COP protocols?

A

Low-dose/continuous or high-dose/pulse

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9
Q

Which COP component do cats tolerate well?

A

Cyclophosphamide

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10
Q

How myelosuppressive is COP?

A

Not very

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11
Q

How many blood tests does COP need?

A

Not many

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12
Q

Is a high or low dose COP better for cats?

A

High

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13
Q

How long should you do high-dose COP for in cats?

A

6 months only

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14
Q

What are some cyclic combination protocols?

A

VLCAP/UW-Madison/CHOP

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15
Q

What kind of lymphoma is VLCAP/UW-Madison/CHOP especially good for?

A

B cell lymphoma

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16
Q

Which protocols resemble high dose COP and doxorubicin?

A

VLCAP/UW-Madison/CHOP

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17
Q

What % of dogs achieve remission?

A

70-80%

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18
Q

What is median remission?

A

3-12 months

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19
Q

What is median survival?

A

6-18 months of normal healthy life

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20
Q

What is evidence for short 12 week treatment then only treating again during relapse?

A

Some evidence

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21
Q

When should you only use asparaginase?

A

Rescue

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22
Q

What is the prognosis in cats if response to chemo is good?

A

Good

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23
Q

Which cat breed has a good prognosis?

A

Siamese

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24
Q

Which kind of lymphoma is aggressive with only a short-lived response to treatment?

A

Primary cutaenous

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25
Which kind of lymphoma shows a poor response to treatment but slow progression?
Epitheliotropic
26
What is treating diffuse alimentary lymphoma like in dogs?
Unrewarding
27
What is treating diffuse alimentary lymphoma like in cats?
Short term response
28
Which kind of diffuse alimentary lymphoma can you surgically remove?
Focal disease
29
What are the two types of feline alimentary lymphoma?
Small or large cell
30
What are the characteristics of feline small cell alimentary lymphoma?
Well-differentiated, lymphocytic, low grade, T cell
31
Which kind of cat is feline small cell alimentary lymphoma common in?
Very common esp older male DSH
32
Which species response well to thymic lymphoma treatment?
Young cats
33
Why do dogs respond less well to thymic lymphoma?
T cell phenotype
34
What are the two types of lymphoid leukaemias?
Acute lymphoblastic or chronic lymphocytic
35
What are cells like in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia?
Malignant early stage
36
What are cells like in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia?
Later stage precursor
37
Which cells give rise to blast-forming units?
Myeloid stem cells
38
What phase is lost in acute leukaemia?
Maturation phase
39
What is increased in chronic leukaemia?
Over-production
40
What are the two types of acute leukaemias?
Myeloid or lymphoid
41
What are some complications of acute leukaemias?
BOne marrow suppression, sepsis, DIC, organ failure
42
What can clinical signs be like in early stages of leukaemia?
Vague
43
Why do you need a marrow sample in pancytopenia?
Problem lies at production
44
What other clinical signs should you get a bone marrow sample if seen?
Pyrexia, unexplained hyperCa, abnormal cells
45
Which kind of needle do you use for a bone marrow sample?
Klina
46
Where do you get bone marrow sample in dog?
Wing of ilium
47
Where do you get bone marrow sample in cat?
Shaft of femur
48
Why must you work fast when taking a bone marrow sample?
Will fail if clotted or diluted
49
Why are bone marrow samples painful?
Can block with local but can't block endosteum
50
What kind of needle do you use to take a bone marrow core?
Jamshidi
51
How successful is chemo for leukaemia?
Not very - poor prognosis
52
How long is survival time with leukaemia?
Weeks
53
What are the three types of chronic leukaemia?
Lymphocytic, granulocytic, myeloid
54
What is progression and clinical signs like in chronic leukaemia?
Slow progression, mild signs
55
What is the only thing that will cause massive leukocytosis?
Chronic leukaemia
56
What is the aim of treatment for chronic leukaemia?
Restore blood count to normal - long term maintenance
57
What is the prognosis like for chronic leukaemia?
Good - 12-18 months+
58
What can be a complication of CML?
Can transform to a blast cell crisis
59
What is another name for a plasma cell myeloma?
Multiple myeloma
60
How do cats with multiple myeloma present?
Neutropenia, anaemia, thrombocytopenia, bague signs, hyperviscosity syndromes, skeletal pain
61
What does bone marrow look like in multiple myeloma?
Plasma cells in sheets and clusters
62
How do you treat multiple myeloma?
Alkylating agents, steroids +/- vincristine
63
What is usual response to treatment to multiple myeloma?
Good - median survivial 12-18 months

Clinical Pathology (30 decks)

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