Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Pathology > 19 + 20: Cytology > Flashcards

19 + 20: Cytology Flashcards

1
Q

What gram stain are most cocci?

A

+ve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Are staphs and streps found in clusters or chains?

A

Staph in clusters, strep in chains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What gram stain are most small rods?

A

-ve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which bacteria look like filamentous rods?

A

Actinomyces or Norcardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Are most large rods pathogenic or non-pathogenic?

A

Non-pathogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How do you tell the difference between infection and contamination?

A

If infection, the bacteria is within the neutrophils and the neutrophils are degenerate. If contamination, the bacteria are extracellular, the population is mixed and there is no inflammatory response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What % of cells a mononuclear in chronic inflammation?

A

40%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do a neoplastic MGN look like?

A

Variable nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does an activated macrophage look like?

A

Vacuoles in the cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does crypto in cats look like on cytology?

A

Signs of chronic inflamation and round crypto cells with a thick capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which cells form the thick capsule of a granuloma?

A

FIbrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What can the fibrocytes of a granuloma be confused with?

A

Fibrosarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do you tell the difference between a granuloma and a fibrosarcoma?

A

Fibrocytes in both, but other inflammatory cells in a granuloma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which kind of diagnosis is hard without histo?

A

Skin disease - need architecture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are two conditions where you can see eosinophils?

A

Insect bite, granuloma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the three cell types neoplasias can be?

A

Round cell, spindle cell, epithelial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How can you tell an FNA of a lipoma vs liposarcoma apart?

A

Both have vacuolated cytoplasm and nucleus at side. But in liposarcoma the cells can be binucleate.

18
Q

What do inclusion cysts contain?

A

Keratin/cholesterol

19
Q

Which cells can you see in an inclusion cyst?

A

Keratinised

20
Q

What do basal cell tumours look like?

A

Benign and uniform

21
Q

What can you see on histo in SCC?

A

Keratin pearls

22
Q

In which species do you see “tadpole cells” in SCC?

A

Horse, dog, not cats

23
Q

What are the cells like in SCC?

A

Large nuclei, can be binucleate, keratinocytes retain nucleus and don’t degenerate like they should, anisocytosis, neutrophils

24
Q

What features do you see in histiocytoma?

A

Round cells, binucleate, epidermis goes down into dermis in long pegs

25
Q

What features do you see in malignant histiocytic sarcoma?

A

Anisocytosis, karyocytosis, binucleate, mitotic figures

26
Q

What % of lymphomas have hyperCa?

A

50%

27
Q

Which kind of lymphomas will metastasize if not removed fast?

A

T cell

28
Q

What do plasma cells look like?

A

Bluish cytoplasm, eccentric nucleus

29
Q

Are plasma cell tumours usually benign or malignant?

A

Benign

30
Q

What do malignant plasma cell tumours look like?

A

Lots of globulin, binucleate, mitotic, “flame cells”

31
Q

What do you see on electrophoresis in a malignant plasma cell tumour?

A

Increased total protein with monoclonal peak on electrophoresis

32
Q

What do low grade melanocytes look like?

A

Black granules

33
Q

What do high grade melanocytes look like?

A

Prominent nucleoli, occasionally melanin granules

34
Q

How do you identify an amelanotic melanoma?

A

Stain

35
Q

Where are amelanotic melanomas found?

A

Oral and interdigital

36
Q

What do mast cell tumours look like?

A

Lots of granules (esp higher grade), sometimes no granules, anisocytosis, anisokaryosis

37
Q

What do mesenchymal cells look like?

A

Spindle shaped, poorly defined borders, oval nucleus, small round nucleolus

38
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for a mesenchymal cell tumour?

A

Fibrosis or benign fibroma

39
Q

What are some features of a malignant mesenchymal cell tumour?

A

Anisocytosis, anisokaryosis, prominent nucleoli, still spindle shaped,

40
Q

What are the features of a perinanal gland adenoma?

A

Central nucleus, lots of cytoplasm, look like hepatocytes

41
Q

What are the features of a malignant adenocarcinoma?

A

Lots cytoplasm with vacuoles, multinucleation, remodelling, prominent nucleoli

Clinical Pathology (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions