1848-1877 12/31/2024 Flashcards
Which state was the first to secede from the union after the election of 1860?
South Carolina
How many states decided to secede from the union to form the Confederate States of America?
11 states
What was Lincoln’s belief regarding individual states leaving the nation?
Individual states could not leave the nation
What action did Lincoln take try to recombine U.S./ the Union together?
He began fighting the Confederacy
Fill in the blank: After the election of 1860, South Carolina was the first state to ______ from the union.
secede
True or False: Lincoln supported the idea of states seceding from the Union.
False
List the main actions taken by Lincoln in response to the Southern secession.
- Believed states could not secede
- Fought the Confederacy to keep the Union together
What were the four states border states?
Missouri, Kentucky, Delaware, Maryland
What year did delegates from the secessionist states meet to form the C.S.A.?
1861
This meeting marked the beginning of the Confederate States of America.
What did the Confederate constitution protect and recognize?
Slavery in the new territories
This was a significant difference from the U.S. Constitution.
According to the Confederate constitution, how were the states defined?
Sovereign and independent
This principle emphasized the autonomy of each state within the Confederacy.
Who was elected as the President of the C.S.A.?
Jefferson Davis
Jefferson Davis served as the leader of the Confederacy during the Civil War.
Who was elected as Vice-President of the C.S.A.?
Alexander Stephens
Alexander Stephens played a key role in the Confederate government.
Fill in the blank: The Confederate constitution resembled the U.S. constitution except for the protection and recognition of _______ and ____
slavery in the new territories
Each state was to be sovereign and independent (this 2nd one caused downfall because that’s could just leave)
This distinction was crucial to the Confederacy’s foundation.
What was the Crittenden Compromise?
An unsuccessful proposal by Kentucky Senator John J. Crittenden to resolve the U.S. secession crisis of 1860-1861 through bringing back the 36 30 line
Who proposed the Crittenden Compromise?
Kentucky Senator John J. Crittenden
What was the main goal of the Crittenden Compromise?
To address the concerns of the Lower South regarding secession.
What significant geographical line did the Crittenden Compromise propose to reestablish?
‘36 30° line’
What was the outcome of the Crittenden Compromise in Congress?
Both the House of Representatives and the Senate rejected it in 1861.
What stipulation was included in the Crittenden Compromise if it were to be adopted?
It could not be repealed or amended.
True or False: The Crittenden Compromise was successful in resolving the secession crisis.
False
Fill in the blank: The Crittenden Compromise was proposed during the U.S. _______ crisis of 1860-1861.
secession
What action did Crittenden take to promote his compromise?
He went to the south to ask for the compromise.
When did Lincoln take office as the first Republican president?
March 1861
What assurance did Lincoln give to Southerners in his inaugural address?
He would not interfere with slavery
What warning did Lincoln give regarding states and the Union?
No state had the right to break up the Union
True or False: Lincoln’s inaugural address promised to abolish slavery in the South.
False
What was the main theme of Lincoln’s inaugural address regarding the Union?
Preservation of the Union
What was the status of Fort Sumter before the Civil War?
Cut off from vital supplies and reinforcements due to Southern control of the harbor
This situation exemplified the tensions between the Union and Confederacy.
What did Lincoln announce he would send to Fort Sumter?
Small packages of food
This was intended to alleviate the situation without escalating conflict.
What did Lincoln want to do give to Fort Sumter
Give them food and supplies
What event marked the beginning of the Civil War?
The opening fire by South Carolina on April 12, 1861
This attack on Fort Sumter initiated the conflict.
What was notable about the battle of Fort Sumter in terms of casualties?
No man died that day
This fact is often highlighted to illustrate the surprising nature of the conflict’s onset.
What action did Lincoln take right after the battle of Fort Sumter?
Called for 75,000 volunteers to put down the violent uprising of the Confederacy
This mobilization reflected the urgency of the Union’s response.
What did Lincoln authorize following the battle of Fort Sumter?
Spending for war
This was a crucial step in preparing the Union for the conflict ahead.
What legal privilege did Lincoln suspend after Fort Sumter?
The writ of habeas corpus
This suspension allowed for greater control over dissenters during wartime.
How many states had seceded before Fort Sumter?
7 states
This set the stage for further conflict between the Union and Confederacy.
Which four states joined the Confederacy after Fort Sumter?
Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas
Their secession represented a significant shift in the balance of power.
Where did the Confederates move their capital?
Richmond, Virginia
Richmond became a symbol of the Confederacy’s government.
What happened to Western Virginia during the Civil War?
Remained loyal to the Union and became their own state in 1863
This split illustrated the regional divisions within Virginia.
What were the 3 things Lincoln did right after Fort Sumter? Which were frowned upon and why?
Called for 75,000 volunteers to put down confederacy (since a lot were in South)
Authorized spending for a war (WITHOUT ASKING CONGRESS)
Suspending privileges of Habeas Corpus which protects a prisoner for a fair treatment in trial (6th amendment)
Last 2 frowned upon because he didn’t get permission and was taking away rights of constitution
Which side expected a short war? Why?
Union because they thought they…..
What were the advantages of the union for the civil war?
What were the advantages of the confederacy for the civil war?
Why were the confederacy more motivated in the beginning of the civil war?
If they couldn’t have slaves their economy and society couldn’t function
Who thought if the Anaconda plan for the union? What’s an alternate name for it?
Winfield Scott
The plan is also called Scott’s great snake
What were the 3 parts of the Anaconda Plan? What’s was each one’s purpose?
- Navy blockade of Southern ports to stop South profits and potential help from any allies
- Capture capitol in Richmond Virginia
- Take over Mississippi River because it was a major passage of transportation
When did the first major bloodshed occur during the Civil War?
July 21
This event happened about 3 months after Fort Sumter.
What was a notable characteristic of the soldiers on both sides during the first battle?
Both sides had equally inexperienced soldiers.
Where did the Union army encounter the Confederate army?
At a creek called Bull Run, 25 miles from Washington D.C.
Who did Lincoln instruct to attack the Confederate army?
General Irvin McDowell.
What was the initial outcome of the Union army’s attack?
The Union was strong at first.
Who played a key role in the Confederate army’s defense?
General Thomas J. ‘Stonewall’ Jackson.
What was the final outcome of the Battle of Bull Run?
The Confederates took the lead and victory.
What nickname was given to the Battle of Bull Run due to spectators?
The Picnic War.
Fill in the blank: The Battle of Bull Run occurred about ______ months after Fort Sumter.
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