1800-1848 12/2/2024

Question 1

What were the two main themes of the Second Great awakening? Which one wasn’t in the First Great Awakening?

Answer 1

The two main themes of the Second Great Awakening was religion and culture. Culture wasn’t a part of the First Great Awakening

Question 2

What was the Second Great Awakening a reaction against religiously?

Answer 2

The Calvinistic (Puritan) approach

It was a shift from the beliefs prominent during the Enlightenment period and the American Revolution.

Question 3

What were the shifting beliefs during the Second Great Awakening?

Answer 3

Strayed from original sin and predestination to liberal and forgiving ideas

This marked a significant change in religious thought.

Question 4

Who became prominent figures during the Second Great Awakening in converting others?

Answer 4

Preachers

Question 5

Who was Charles G. Finney?

Answer 5

A major preacher known for emotional sermons emphasizing individual conversion

He played a significant role in the Second Great Awakening.

Question 6

What lifestyle did Charles G. Finney promote?

Answer 6

A pure lifestyle with no alcohol and no non-religious entertainment

This was part of his emphasis on individual conversion.

Question 7

What were the revivals during the Second Great Awakening known for?

Answer 7

Lasting for weeks in New York, known as the burned-over district

This area became famous for its intense religious fervor.

Question 8

What type of people did the preachers appeal to in the SGA?

Answer 8

They appealed to a larger, mostly uneducated crowd of believers. Low and middle class citizens as well as African Americans.

Question 9

What is the burned over district a metaphor for?

Answer 9

Preachers would go and try to preach people and spread like wildfire to convert people

Question 10

What two main denominations make up the African American Church?

Answer 10

Baptists and Methodists

Question 11

What was a significant impact of the African American Church on individuals who felt excluded from traditional churches?

Answer 11

Preached to many who felt they never belonged to a church before

Question 12

What doctrine allowed individuals to determine their own eternal destination in the African American Church?

Answer 12

Doctrine of Free Will

Question 13

Why did the Doctrine of Free Will resonate particularly well with slaves?

Answer 13

Because they lacked choices

Question 14

In which region did the African American Church become particularly large?

Answer 14

The South

Question 15

Was the African American Church open to both blacks and whites?

Answer 15

Yes

Question 16

What belief was associated with Millennialism in the context of the African American Church?

Answer 16

The world was about to end with the second coming of Jesus

Question 17

What significant date was associated with the belief in Millennialism, and what happened after it passed?

Answer 17

October 21, 1844; they continued on as Seventh Day Adventists as nothing happened that day

Question 18

What was the response of the Seventh Day Adventists after the predicted end of the world did not occur?

Answer 18

They claimed God changed something so they should change too (reason they changed from millenialism to Seventh day Adventist)

Question 19

Who founded the Mormons?

Answer 19

Joseph Smith

Question 20

In what year were the Mormons founded?

Answer 20

1830

Question 21

What book did Joseph Smith base his religious thinking on?

Answer 21

The Book of Mormon

Question 22

Where did Joseph Smith and his followers migrate from and to?

Answer 22

From New York to Illinois

Question 23

What happened to Joseph Smith in Illinois?

Answer 23

He was killed by a mob

Question 24

Who took over leadership after Joseph Smith?

Answer 24

Brigham Young

Question 25

Why did the Mormons migrate to Utah after Joseph Smith died?

Answer 25

It wasn’t a state yet, so the government couldn’t kick them out

Question 26

Who were the key writers associated with Transcendentalism?

Answer 26

Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau

Question 27

What did Transcendentalists question?

Answer 27

Established doctrines of the churches and business practices of the business class

Question 28

What value did Transcendentalists place above wealth?

Answer 28

Artistic expression

Question 29

What social issue did Transcendentalists strongly oppose?

Answer 29

Slavery

Question 30

What was significant about Transcendentalists' stance on slavery?

Answer 30

They were the first to ever publicly state they are against slavery

Question 31

What action did Transcendentalists urge individuals to take regarding unjust laws?

Answer 31

Not to obey them

Question 32

What is the term for the peaceful protest method advocated by Transcendentalists?

Answer 32

Civil disobedience

Question 33

Fill in the blank: Transcendentalists valued _______ as well as anti-slavery.

Answer 33

Individualism

Question 34

True or False: Transcendentalists advocated for violent protests against unjust laws.

Answer 34

False

Question 35

What was the primary goal of those seeking to form ideal communities in America?

Answer 35

Human perfectibility ## Footnote These communities aimed to create a better society away from mainstream norms.

Question 36

Who established Brook Farm and what was its focus?

Answer 36

George Ripley; transcendentalist utopian community ## Footnote Brook Farm was located near Boston and consisted of writers and intellectuals.

Question 37

What type of individuals made up the New Harmony community in Indiana?

Answer 37

Scientists, scholars, and educators ## Footnote They aimed to pursue perfection through their daily life and conduct.

Question 38

What controversial practice was used by The Oneida Community?

Answer 38

Eugenics to produce superior offspring ## Footnote This practice was ironic as these communities aimed to promote individualism.

Question 39

Fill in the blank: Brook Farm was a _______ utopian community.

Answer 39

[transcendentalist] ## Footnote This indicates its philosophical and literary orientation.

Question 40

What was the primary focus of the Oneida Community?

Answer 40

Producing superior offspring through eugenics ## Footnote This focus contrasted with the community's ideals of individualism.