15_Blóð og eitilvefur 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Hvað eru Krónískir myeloprólíferatífir sjúkdómar?

A

Fjölgun á þroskuðum frumum frá myeloid stem cell, þ.e. RBK, neutrophilar, monocytar, megakaryocytar (blóðflögur)

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2
Q

Hvað 3 sjúkdómar eru Krónískir myeloprólíferatífir sjúkdómar?

A

1) Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)
2) Polycythemia vera
3) Myelofibrosis með myeloid metaplasiu

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3
Q

Hvaða frumum fjölgar aðallega í CML?

A

Neutrophilum/granulocytum

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4
Q

Translocation í CML? (3)

A

1) Gallinn kallast Philadelphiu litningur
2) Milli 9 og 22
3) Aukin tyrone kinasa virkni -> Aukin frumufjölgun og minnkaður apoptosis

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5
Q

Algengur fylgikvilli CML?

A

Miltisstækkun

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6
Q

Algeng þróun í CML?

A

Fjöldi blasta fer vaxandi og breytist þá í AML (stundum ALL)

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7
Q

Lyf við CML?

A

Týrósín kínsasa hamlar

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8
Q

Hvaða frumum fjölgar í Polycythemia Vera?

A

Öllum myelo en aðallega RBK

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9
Q

Hvernig stökkbreyting er í Polycythemia Vera?

A

JAK-2 stökkbreyting

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10
Q

Einkenni Polycythemia Vera? (6)

A

1) Höfuðverkur
2) Kláði (vegna histamíns)
3) Háþrýstingur
4) Blæðingar
5) Blóðsegamyndun
6) Lifrar- og miltisstækkun

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11
Q

Meðferð við polycythemia vera? (2)

A

1) Blóðtaka

2) JAK-2 hamlar

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12
Q

Hvaða frumum fjölgar aðallega í Myelofibrosis með metaplasiu?

A

Aðallega megakaryocytum (blóðflögum)

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13
Q

Hvaða vaxtarþætti framleiða megakaryocytar?

A

PDGF og TGF-beta

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14
Q

Hverju valda vaxtarþættir megakaryocytanna?

A

Bandvefsmyndun í merg (myelofibrosis)

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15
Q

kominn á glæru 25

A

.

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