1848-1877 1/2/2025

Question 1

What action did Lincoln take in response to the defeat at Bull Run?

Answer 1

Enlisted 500,000 men

This was part of his strategy to bolster the Union army after the loss.

Question 2

Who did Lincoln appoint to lead the Union army originally?

Answer 2

General George McClellan

McClellan was tasked with reorganizing the Union forces.

Question 3

What was the primary objective of the Union armies in the West?

Answer 3

To take over the Mississippi River

Control of the river was crucial for supply lines.

Question 4

In which Confederate state was the Union trying to gain control of the Mississippi River in February 1862?

Answer 4

Tennessee

Tennessee was a strategic location for Union operations.

Question 5

Who was the new General leading the Union forces during the campaign for the Mississippi River?

Answer 5

Ulysses S. Grant

Grant became a key figure in the Union’s Western campaigns.

Question 6

What significant victories did General Grant achieve in just 11 days?

Answer 6

Captured Fort Henry and Fort Donelson

These victories were instrumental in securing the Cumberland River.

Question 7

How many Confederate soldiers were captured after the battles of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson?

Answer 7

14,000

This significant capture weakened Confederate defenses.

Question 8

What was the outcome of the surprise attack on the Union by the Confederate army at Shiloh?

Answer 8

The Union held its own and forced the Confederates to retreat

The battle resulted in over 23,000 casualties from both sides.

Question 9

What was the name of the church where Grant’s troops were attacked in March 1862?

Answer 9

Shiloh

The Battle of Shiloh was one of the early major battles in the Western Theater.

Question 10

Which city did Grant capture with the help of commander David Farragut?

Answer 10

New Orleans

The capture of New Orleans was a significant strategic victory for the Union.

Question 11

What was the Union’s hope for winning the war dependent on?

Answer 11

Maximizing its economic and naval advantages

The Union aimed to leverage its superior resources to secure victory.

Question 12

Name the ironclad ship used by the Union.

Answer 12

Monitor

The Monitor was a key vessel in the naval battles of the Civil War.

Question 13

Name the ironclad ship used by the Confederates.

Answer 13

Merrimac

The Merrimac was significant in the early naval battles.

Question 14

How long did the duel between the Monitor and Merrimac last?

Answer 14

5 hours

This duel was notable for being one of the first between ironclad warships.

Question 15

What was the outcome of the duel between the Monitor and Merrimac?

Answer 15

Ended in a draw

Despite no clear winner, the duel was pivotal in naval warfare.

Question 16

What significant impact did the duel have on naval warfare?

Answer 16

Stopped the Confederates from challenging the US naval blockade

This marked a turning point in how naval engagements were conducted.

Question 17

Who insisted the train be ready for battle for a long period?

Answer 17

General George McClellan

Question 18

In which month and year did the Union invade Virginia?

Answer 18

March 1862

Question 19

What was the Union’s objective in invading Virginia?

Answer 19

To capture the capital Richmond

Question 20

Who was the Confederate General that stopped the Union invasion?

Answer 20

Robert E. Lee

Question 21

Where did McClellan retreat back to after the invasion?

Answer 21

Potomac

Question 22

What advantage did McClellan have during the conflict with Lee?

Answer 22

He knew Lee’s battle plan

Question 23

How did the Union obtain Lee’s battle plan?

Answer 23

It was dropped accidentally by a Confederate soldier

Question 24

Where did the Union intercept the invading Confederates?

Answer 24

Antietam Creek in Maryland

Question 25

What is considered the bloodiest single day of combat in the entire war?

Answer 25

The Battle of Antietam

Question 26

How many soldiers were killed or wounded at the Battle of Antietam?

Answer 26

More than 22,000

Question 27

What did Lee's army do after the battle?

Answer 27

Retreated back to Virginia

Question 28

Why was Lincoln upset with McClellan after the Battle of Antietam?

Answer 28

He didn't take advantage of the weakened Confederates

Question 29

What did Lincoln state about McClellan's performance?

Answer 29

He had a 'bad case of the slows'

Question 30

What was the significance of the Battle of Antietam?

Answer 30

It was a decisive battle

Question 31

What were the Confederates hoping to achieve by winning in a Northern state?

Answer 31

To show Britain they were worthy of financial aid

Question 32

Was the Battle of Antietam considered a clear victory for either side?

Answer 32

No, it was really a draw but the Union took it as a partial win

Question 33

What were the Confederates hoping to secure from Britain and/or France?

Answer 33

Help

Question 34

Which group in Britain was hoping to break up the American democracy?

Answer 34

Wealthy British aristocrats

Question 35

What did Britain decide regarding the Southern cotton?

Answer 35

They didn't need it

Question 36

What policy did Britain decide was best during this time?

Answer 36

Neutrality

Question 37

Who were the Confederate diplomats involved in the Trent Affair?

Answer 37

James Mason and John Slidell

Question 38

What was the name of the British ship that carried Mason and Slidell to England?

Answer 38

The Trent

Question 39

What action did a Union warship take against the Trent?

Answer 39

Stopped the boat and removed Mason and Slidell

Question 40

What was the consequence of the Union warship's actions regarding Mason and Slidell?

Answer 40

They were brought back to the US as prisoners of war

Question 41

What did Britain threaten over the Trent Affair?

Answer 41

War unless Mason and Slidell were released

Question 42

What was Abraham Lincoln's response to Britain's threat regarding the Trent Affair?

Answer 42

He gave in and they were set free

Question 43

Fill in the blank: Slidell and Mason had _______ because no one wanted them as a result of the Trent affair

Answer 43

nowhere to go

Question 44

What did Lincoln originally describe slavery as?

Answer 44

An unqualified evil ## Footnote Lincoln's strong moral stance against slavery.

Question 45

What was Lincoln's initial attitude towards taking action against slavery?

Answer 45

Hesitant ## Footnote Lincoln was cautious about the implications of acting against slavery.

Question 46

List Lincoln's concerns regarding slavery.

Answer 46

* Keeping the support of the border states * Constitutional protections of slavery * Racial prejudice of many Northerners * Fear of premature action being overturned in the next election ## Footnote These concerns influenced Lincoln's approach to slavery.

Question 47

In what year did Lincoln decide to use his powers to free enslaved persons?

Answer 47

July 1862 ## Footnote This marked a significant turning point in Lincoln's presidency regarding slavery.

Question 48

True or False: Lincoln was always in favor of immediate action against slavery.

Answer 48

False ## Footnote Lincoln's initial hesitance indicates he was not always in favor of immediate action.

Question 49

Fill in the blank: Lincoln had concerns about keeping the support of the _______.

Answer 49

border states ## Footnote The border states were slave states that did not secede from the Union.

Question 50

What date was the Emancipation Proclamation issued?

Answer 50

January 1, 1863 ## Footnote This date marks the formal announcement of the Emancipation Proclamation by the President.

Question 51

What was the main effect of the Emancipation Proclamation?

Answer 51

All slaves are free and there are no more slaves allowed ## Footnote This statement was a key component of the proclamation, signaling a shift in policy.

Question 52

Which states were listed in the Emancipation Proclamation?

Answer 52

Arkansas to Virginia ## Footnote These states were specifically mentioned as part of the proclamation.

Question 53

What was the significance of the Emancipation Proclamation in relation to the Union's goals?

Answer 53

The Union was now working towards the abolition of slavery rather than just secession ## Footnote This shift indicated a change in the Union's focus during the Civil War.

Question 54

What did the Emancipation Proclamation authorize regarding freed slaves?

Answer 54

The use of freed slaves as Union soldiers ## Footnote This provision significantly increased the size of the Union army.

Question 55

Who were the Copperheads?

Answer 55

Northern Democrats who sympathized with the South ## Footnote They opposed the Civil War and sought peace with the Confederacy.

Question 56

What happened to Copperheads who spoke against the war?

Answer 56

They were arrested and held without trial ## Footnote This included notable figures like Clement Vallandigham.

Question 57

Who was Clement Vallandigham?

Answer 57

Ohio Congressman who urged the Union army to desert the war ## Footnote He was the most famous Copperhead and was convicted by a military court.

Question 58

What is conscription?

Answer 58

A draft that allows certain members of the population to join the army ## Footnote Those who refused to join could be charged a $300 fee.

Question 59

What were the Draft Riots?

Answer 59

Riots that occurred from July 13-16, 1863, in NY ## Footnote Mobs of angry poor workers protested against fighting a war to free slaves while they faced poverty and disease.

Question 60

Fill in the blank: Copperheads were Northern Democrats who _______.

Answer 60

sympathized with the South

Question 61

True or False: Clement Vallandigham was arrested for urging the Union army to continue the war.

Answer 61

False ## Footnote He urged them to desert the war.

Question 62

What fee was imposed on individuals who refused to join the army under conscription?

Answer 62

$300

Question 63

How many African Americans served in the Union army and navy after the Emancipation Proclamation?

Answer 63

Nearly 200,000 ## Footnote These were newly freed slaves who enlisted to fight.

Question 64

In what type of units were African American soldiers segregated?

Answer 64

All-black units ## Footnote This segregation was a common practice during the Civil War.

Question 65

What was the Army of Freedom?

Answer 65

The designation for African American soldiers who served in the Union army ## Footnote It highlights their contribution and sacrifices during the Civil War.

Question 66

How many African American soldiers died while serving in the Union army?

Answer 66

More than 37,000 ## Footnote Their bravery and sacrifices were significant in the fight for freedom.

Question 67

True or False: African American soldiers won the respect of white soldiers.

Answer 67

True ## Footnote Their courageous performance in battle earned them respect.

Question 68

What were the three factors causing food shortages in the South during the war?

Answer 68

The three factors were: * Drain of manpower into the army * Union occupation of food-growing areas * Loss of slaves ## Footnote These factors significantly impacted agricultural production in the South.

Question 69

How did the economy of the North change during the war?

Answer 69

The economy of the North started to see positive growth. ## Footnote This growth was driven by increased demand for supplies and support for the war effort.

Question 70

What types of industries benefited from the increased demand during the war in the North?

Answer 70

Industries that benefited included: * Coal Mines * Wool Mills * Steel Factories ## Footnote These industries were crucial for supporting wartime needs.