Zygapophyseal/ facet joints

Question 1

Zygapophyseal/ facet joints classification

Answer 1

plane, synovial joints

Question 2

Zygapophyseal/ facet joints articulation

Answer 2

The shape and orientation of the joint surfaces vary in the 3 regions.

Question 3

cervical Zygapophyseal/ facet joint articular surfaces

Answer 3

flat and oval and lie in an oblique plane.
superior facets face upwards, backwards and slightly medially
inferior facets face downwards, forwards and slightly laterally

Question 4

thoracic Zygapophyseal/ facet joint articular surfaces

Answer 4

project almost vertically.
superior processes face mainly backwards, but slightly upwards and laterally
inferior processes face forwards and slightly downwards and medially

Question 5

lumbar Zygapophyseal/ facet joint articular surfaces

Answer 5

project upwards and downwards
superior surfaces are concave and face medially and backwards
inferior processes are directed forwards and laterally

Question 6

Zygapophyseal/ facet joint capsule & synovial membrane

Answer 6

Each joint is surrounded by a thin fibrous capsule attached to the margins of the articular surfaces.
Synovial membrane lines the capsule.

Question 7

ligaments of the Zygapophyseal/ facet joints

Answer 7

ant. longitudinal
post. longitudinal
ligamentum flavum
supraspinous
ligamentum nuchae
interspinous

Question 8

what is the Anterior Longitudinal Ligament?

Answer 8

3 dense layers of collagen

Question 9

Anterior Longitudinal Ligament origin

Answer 9

Anterior aspect of the vertebral bodies - Atlas

Question 10

Anterior Longitudinal Ligament insertion

Answer 10

Sacrum

Question 11

how does the Anterior Longitudinal Ligament limit movement?

Answer 11

limits Extension

Question 12

what is the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament?

Answer 12

2 dense layers of collagen

Question 13

Posterior Longitudinal Ligament origin

Answer 13

Posterior aspect of the vertebral bodies - Axis(C2).(above C2 it continues as Tectorial membrane)

Question 14

Posterior Longitudinal Ligament insertion

Answer 14

sacrum

Question 15

how does the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament limit movement?

Answer 15

limits flexion

Question 16

Ligamentum Flavum origin

Answer 16

Laminae above, from C1to L5

Question 17

Ligamentum Flavum insertion

Answer 17

Laminae below, from C1 toL5

Question 18

how does the Ligamentum Flavum limit movement?

Answer 18

limits flexion

Question 19

Supraspinous ligament origin

Answer 19

spinous process above

Question 20

Supraspinous ligament insertion

Answer 20

spinous process below

Question 21

how does the Supraspinous ligament limit movement?

Answer 21

limits flexion

Question 22

Ligamentum nuchae origin

Answer 22

spine of C7

Question 23

Ligamentum nuchae insertion

Answer 23

external occipital protuberance

Question 24

how does the Ligamentum nuchae limit movement?

Answer 24

limits flexion

Question 25

Interspinous ligaments origin

Answer 25

vertebral spine above

Question 26

Interspinous ligaments insertion

Answer 26

vertebral spine below

Question 27

how do the Interspinous ligaments limit movement?

Answer 27

limits flexion