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HC1216 - Anatomy, Biomechanics and Human Movement > Anatomy terminology > Flashcards

Anatomy terminology Flashcards

1
Q

The anatomical position

A

Starting point for orientation: The body standing erect and facing forwards, legs & feet are parallel, feet and toes face forward, arms hang by the side with palms facing forwards and thumbs point laterally

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2
Q

Anterior

A

To the front / in front

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3
Q

Posterior

A

To the rear / behind

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4
Q

Superior

A

Above

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5
Q

Inferior

A

Below

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6
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the median plane

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7
Q

Medial

A

Towards the median plane

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8
Q

Distal

A

Further away from the trunk / root of the limb

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9
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the trunk / root of the limb

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10
Q

Superficial

A

Closer to the surface of the body / skin

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11
Q

Deep

A

Further away from the body surface / skin

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12
Q

Planes

A

Flat surfaces that have 2 dimensions.
Anatomical movement can occur in these planes.

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13
Q

Frontal plane

A

Passes through the body from the top tot he bottom
At right angles to the sagittal plane
Divides the body into 2 parts - anterior and posterior

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14
Q

Horizontal plane

A

Passes through body at right angles to the sagittal plane
Divides the body into 2 parts - upper and lower

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15
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Passes through the body from front to back
Divides body into 2 parts - left and right

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16
Q

Axis

A

imaginary line around which a body / limb / joint can move
(name correlates to where the “pin” goes not the plane of movement)

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17
Q

Types of axis

A

Sagittal, frontal, vertical & horizontal

18
Q

Knee extension axis & plane

A

frontal axis with movement on sagittal plane

19
Q

Hip Abduction axis & plane

A

Sagittal axis with movement on a frontal

20
Q

Flexion

A

The bending of an adjacent body part in a sagittal plane so that two anterior / posterior surfaces are brought together.

21
Q

Example of Flexion

A

Moving your arm from a relaxed position (by your side) up so your palm faces your shoulder. This is elbow flexion.

22
Q

Extension

A

The moving apart of two opposing surfaces in a sagittal plane

23
Q

Extension example

A

Moving your palm away from your shoulder into a relaxed position (by your side). This is elbow extension.

24
Q

Plantarflexion

A

Moving the dorsum (top) of the foot away from the anterior surface of the leg
Toes point down

25
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Moving the dorsum (top) of the foot towards the anterior surface of the leg
Toes point up

26
Q

Abduction

A

Body segment moves in a frontal plane away from the midline of the body
Occurs around a sagittal axis
eg. moving arms to T-Pose

27
Q

Adduction

A

Body segment moves in a frontal plane towards the midline of the body
Eg. Moving arms back to sides from a T-Pose position

28
Q

Lateral flexion

A

Trunk bends to one side (left or right)
Eg. left ear to left shoulder

29
Q

Medial rotation

A

Limb segment rotates about its longitudinal axis so the anterior surface faces the midline of the body
Eg. whole right leg turns to the left to face the midline

30
Q

Lateral rotation

A

Limb segment rotates about its longitudinal axis so the anterior surface faces away from the midline body
Eg. whole right leg turns to the right to face away from the midline

31
Q

Supination

A

Forearm moves so that the palm of the hands faces forward - palms on knees to facing upwards
Sole of the forefoot faces medially - as if to “high foot” yourself

32
Q

Pronation

A

Forearm moves so palms face downwards - palms face upwards to on knees
Sole of forefoot faces laterally -

33
Q

Inversion

A

Movement of whole foot so sole faces medially (supination & adduction of forefoot)

34
Q

Eversion

A

Movement of whole foot so sole faces laterally (pronation & abduction of forefoot)

35
Q

Facet

A

small flat articulating surface

36
Q

Notch

A

Indentation

37
Q

Fossa

A

Shallow depression

38
Q

Tuberosity

A

Small rounded prominence
Tendon & ligament attachment site

39
Q

Eminence

A

projection

40
Q

Ramus

A

branch of bone

41
Q

Condyle

A

Rounded projection that articulates with another bone

42
Q

Epicondyle

A

Rounded eminence on a condyle
A place of attachment

HC1216 - Anatomy, Biomechanics and Human Movement (72 decks)

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