Ankle Joint

Question 1

Classification of the ankle joint.

Answer 1

Synovial hinge joint between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the body of the talus.

Question 2

Where are the articular surfaces of the ankle joint located?

Answer 2

The tibia fibula and talus.

Question 3

Describe the articular surface of the tibia

Answer 3

Distal end of the tibia articulates with the trochlear surface and medial edge of the body of the talus

Question 4

Describe the shape of the trochlear surface.

Answer 4

trochlear surface is concave anteroposteriorly and slightly convex transversely with a blunt sagittal ridge (medially).

Question 5

Describe the articular surface of the fibula.

Answer 5

the medial surface of the lateral malleolus of the fibula forms the lateral surface of the mortise of the joint. The articular surface is triangular

Question 6

Describe the articular surface of the talus.

Answer 6

the body of the talus forms the whole of the distal surface of the ankle joint, articulating superiorly and medially with the tibia and laterally with the fibula

Question 7

Describe the shape of the trochlear surface.

Answer 7

convex anteroposteriorly with a central longitudinal groove bound by medial and lateral lips. The surface is slightly concave transversely. The comma shaped medial surface articulates with the lateral surface of the medial malleolus. The lateral surface articulates with medial surface of the lateral malleolus.

Question 8

Describe the joint capsule of the ankle.

Answer 8

completely surrounds the joint, attaching above to the articular margins of the tibia and fibula, and below to the articular margins of the talus, except anteriorly where it attaches to the neck of the talus. The Synovial Membrane lines the joint capsule.

Question 9

What 4 ligaments make up the deltoid ligament

Answer 9

Anterior tibiotalar band

Posterior tibiotalar band

Tibionavicular band

Tibiocalcaneal band

Question 10

Which parts of the deltoid ligament are deep?

Answer 10

Anterior tibiotalar band

Posterior tibiotalar band

Question 11

Which parts of the deltoid ligament are superficial?

Answer 11

Tibionavicular band

Tibiocalcaneal band

Question 12

Anterior tibiotalar band origin

Answer 12

Tip of medial malleolus

Question 13

Posterior tibiotalar band origin

Answer 13

tip of medial malleolus

Question 14

tibionavicular band origin

Answer 14

tip of medial malleolus

Question 15

tibiocalcaneal band origin

Answer 15

Tip of medial malleolus

Question 16

anterior tibiotalar band insertion

Answer 16

Medial part of neck of talus

Question 17

Posterior tibiotalar band insertion

Answer 17

Medial neck of talus and medial tubercle.

Question 18

tibionavicular band insertion

Answer 18

navicular tuberosity

Question 19

tibiocalcaneal band insertion

Answer 19

Sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus bone

Question 20

how does the anterior tibiotalar band limit movement?

Answer 20

Resists the forward displacement of the foot.

Question 21

how does the posterior tibiotalar band limit movement?

Answer 21

Resists the backward displacement of the foot.

Question 22

How does the tibionavicular band limit movement?

Answer 22

Resists eversion forces

Question 23

How does the tibiocalcaneal band limit movement?

Answer 23

Resists the backwards displacement of the foot

Question 24

what ligaments make up the lateral ligament?

Answer 24

Anterior talofibular, posterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligaments

Question 25

Anterior talofibular ligament origin

Answer 25

tip of lateral malleolus

Question 26

Posterior talofibular ligament origin

Answer 26

Tip of lateral malleolus

Question 27

calcaneofibular ligament origin

Answer 27

Tip of lateral malleolus

Question 28

anterior talofibular ligament insertion

Answer 28

neck of the talus

Question 29

posterior talofibular ligament insertion

Answer 29

lateral tubercle of the posterior process of the talus

Question 30

calcaneofibular ligament insertion

Answer 30

peroneal tubercle on the lateral surface of the calcaneus

Question 31

How does the anterior talofibular ligament resist movement?

Answer 31

Resists forward displacement of the foot

Question 32

How does the posterior talofibular ligament resist movement?

Answer 32

Resists inversion forces– and resists backwards displacement of foot.

Question 33

how does the calcaneofibular ligament resist movement?

Answer 33

Resists backwards displacement of the foot.

Question 34

Anterior ligament origin

Answer 34

Anterior margin of lower end of the tibia

Question 35

posterior ligament origin

Answer 35

posterior aspects of the tibia and fibula

Question 36

anterior ligament insertion

Answer 36

anterior part of neck of the talus

Question 37

posterior ligament insertion

Answer 37

Medial tubercle of posterior surface of the talus

Question 38

How does the anterior ligament resist movement?

Answer 38

Resists the forward displacement of the foot.

Question 39

how does the posterior ligament resist movement?

Answer 39

Resists the backward displacement of the foot.

Question 40

What movements occur in the ankle joint?

Answer 40

Dorsiflexion – 20/ 30° Plantarflexion – 30/ 50°
Inversion
Eversion

Question 41

What muscles allow plantarflexion?

Answer 41

Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Plantaris, Tibialis posterior, Flexor digitorum longus

Question 42

What muscles allow dorsiflexion?

Answer 42

Tibialis Anterior, Extensor hallucis longus, Extensor digitorum longus, Fibularis (Peroneus) tertius

Question 43

What muscles allow eversion?

Answer 43

Fibularis (Peroneus) longus, brevis and tertius

Question 44

What muscles allow inversion?

Answer 44

Tibialis anterior, Tibialis posterior