Knee Joint Flashcards
Classification of the knee joint.
Synovial bicondylar hinge joint.
What are the main articular surfaces of the knee joint?
The femur tibia and patella articular surfaces.
What are the articular surfaces of the femur
the 2 condyles rest on the femur, united by the patellar surface. The condyles form 2 prominences, convex in both planes
What are the articular surfaces of the tibia?
cartilage covered surfaces on the superior surface of each tibial condyle - medial and lateral
Describe the shape of the medial articular surface of the tibia.
Oval and slightly concave.
Describe the shape of the lateral articulate surface of the Tibia.
It is smaller, rounded and concave transversely, but also concavo-convex from a front to back.
What is the articulating surface of the patella?
It is Oval and can be divided by a vertical Ridge into a larger lateral and a smaller medial area.
Describe the joint capsule of the knee joint.
Incomplete - more of a cylindrical sleeve passing from femur to tibia
It is deficient anteriorly where the patella fits
Composed of muscle tendons & their expansions
What are the three main structures present in the joint capsule of the knee?
Oblique popliteal ligament
arcuate popliteal ligament
ligamentum patellae
What is the Oblique Popliteal Ligament and what is its function?
expansion of the semimembranosus tendon, passing upwards and laterally to the intercondylar line of the femur
What is the arcuate popliteal ligament and what is its function?
passes in 2 bands from the head of the fibula, one part to the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia, the other to the back of the lateral femoral condyle
What is the Ligamentum Patellae and where is it located?
the quadriceps tendon attaching into the tibial tuberosity.
Name the 4 ligaments of the knee joint
Anterior cruciate ligament - ACL
Posterior cruciate ligament - PCL
Medial (tibial) collateral ligament - MCL
Lateral (fibular collateral ligament - LCL
ACL origin
Anterolateral aspect of the tibia anterior to the tibial spines
ACL insertion
Posterior part of the medial surface of the lateral femoral condyle